Frecuencia y comorbilidades de sobrepeso y obesidad infantil en niños de 5 a 15 años atendidos en el Hospital Básico de Paute desde enero de 2019 a diciembre de 2021

Abstract

Background: Today, we are living through an epidemiological transition in which chronic degenerative diseases are becoming more prevalent. Overweight and obesity are increasing problems not only in Ecuador and Latin America, but all over the world. Objective: To identify the frequency and comorbidities of childhood overweight and obesity in children aged from 5 to 15, at the Hospital Básico de Paute, during the period 2019–2021. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was done. The anonymized database of the Hospital Básico de Paute was used, during the period January 2019 to December 2021. A total of 770 patient reports that met the established criteria were used. Results: Out of 3648 reports from patients aged 5 to 15, 770 (21.10%) had a weight greater than normal. 11.43% were at risk of being overweight, 7.87% were overweight, and 1.81% were obese. The majority were men (53%), and they lived in urban areas (83.10%). Out of the total number of overweight and obese patients, 56.80% and 78.80%, respectively, were men. Out of the total number of patients, 20% presented one of the following comorbidities: Insulin Resistance (9.90%), dyslipidemia (9.20%), and Diabetes Mellitus 2 (0.90%). Conclusions: We found 417 reports at risk of overweight, 287 overweight, and 66 obese. The most prevalent comorbidity in our study group was Insulin resistance, followed by dyslipidemia. The group of patients with obesity presented the highest percentage of comorbidities