Prototipo de vivienda rural autosuficiente y bioclimáticamente adaptada. Caso: Valle de Tarqui, Cuenca–Azuay

Abstract

The project develops the bioclimatic and self-sufficient design of a rural housing unit in the Tarqui Valley, Victoria del Portete parish, Cuenca, as a technical response to the lack of residential models adapted to the rigor of the high-mountain climate and the complex topography of the territory. The proposal consists of a comprehensive architectural prototype that links a habitable module with a contemporary envelope; this configuration generates protected cores that house the essential areas of the program. Through the implementation of modular and industrialized solutions, these cores manage to establish stable internal microclimates that minimize thermal losses and significantly reduce the dependence on conventional mechanical climate control systems. The research is structured in three fundamental stages: first, the theoretical foundations are established through the analysis of definitions and the study of reference cases on rural typologies at the national and international levels. Second, the local physical-climatic context is evaluated to determine passive strategies and water and energy self-sufficiency systems. Finally, the technical development of the prototype is finalized through graphic representations and precise construction details, integrating criteria for solar orientation, natural ventilation, and the use of renewable resources through the convergence of passive and active architectural solutions. The main objective is to validate the technical, environmental, and construction viability of a replicable model that optimizes the use of local resources, mitigates the need for external infrastructures, and strengthens the resilience of the rural habitat in the high-altitude areas of the Azuay province, Ecuador.