Aplicación del modelo de Virginia Henderson al personal de enfermería a cargo del cuidado del adulto mayor con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en el primer nivel de atención de salud de la Provincia de Cañar, 2022

Abstract

Antecedents: Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent the leading cause of death in older adults globally and in Ecuador. To address this problem, the Ministry of Public Health (MOH) promotes Primary Health Care (PHC), focusing on patient empowerment, collaboration and holistic care. Purpose: Virginia Henderson's theory is proposed as a complement in this approach. The objective of the research is to evaluate the applicability of Virginia Henderson's theory in nursing staff to improve the care of older adult patients with NCDs in PHC in the province of Cañar during 2022. Methods: Using a cross-sectional descriptive quantitative design, nursing personnel in health centers of the province were surveyed, analyzing the 14 needs proposed by Henderson's theory. Results: The results show a correlation between Henderson's 14 needs and governmental guidelines, leading to an improvement in the care of older adult patients. By adopting a comprehensive and individualized approach, patients' physical, emotional and social needs are addressed. The application of the Henderson model ensures appropriate care for their specific needs. However, the 14 needs are occasionally applied, with an average percentage of 55%. Conclusion: In conclusion, the limited applicability of the Virginia Henderson model in PHC in the province of Cañar highlights the need to increase education and knowledge about the theory among health professionals and relevant authorities.