Prevalencia y factores asociados de las infecciones nosocomiales en el servicio de pediatría y unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, mayo 2018-octubre 2019

Abstract

Background: Nosocomial infections are important because they cause prolongation of hospital stays, increased morbidity and mortality, long-term disability, increased resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobials, additional costs for health systems, patients and their families; and above all, because these effects are potentially preventable. Objective: Determine the prevalence and associated factors of Nosocomial Infections in Pediatric and Pediatric Intensive Care Services of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, from May 2018 to October 2019. Methods: The present study is cross-sectional and analytical, it was carried out in the area of Pediatrics and Pediatric Intensive Care of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. The universe consists of 3935 patients admitted from May 2018 to October 2019, the sample was 385 patients. To determine association, Chi square was used, considering a p value <0.05 significant and to measure the intensity of association, the prevalence ratio was calculated with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The prevalence of nosocomial infections was 13.5%. The highest risk age group was infants (2-24 months) (RP: 2.55, p value: 0.000). The main associated factors determined were: days of hospitalization (> 14 days) (RP: 32.01, p value: 0.000), admission to intensive care (RP: 6.69, p value: 0.000), use of central venous catheter (RP: 11.51, p value: 0.000), arterial line (RP: 6.19, p value: 0.000) and mechanical ventilation (RP: 6.69, p value: 0.000). Conclusions: The prevalence of nosocomial infections was 13.5%, an association was determined with factors such as age, place and time of hospitalization and use of invasive devices.