Complicaciones del uso de la máscara laríngea en pacientes pediátricos. Hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco. Cuenca, 2018

Abstract

Introduction: The laryngeal mask is the equipment with the aim of increasing quality, safety, care, however despite having universal use and high efficiency for ventilation it is not without complications. Objective: To identify the frequency of complications with the use of laryngeal mask in the Vicente Corral Moscoso and José Carrasco Arteaga hospitals in the city of Cuenca. Methods: It is an observational, descriptive, prospective study in 220 pediatric patients, ASA I, II and III operated in elective and emergent surgeries under general anesthesia in a time interval of 30 to 240 minutes, of all medical specialties of the year 2018, different types of mask were used. The sample was obtained by applying the formula for unknown population (n = (Z2 x p x q) / e2), confidence level (Z): 95%. (1.96) Margin of error (e): 5% Probability of occurrence of the event (p): 15% Probability of non-occurrence of the event (q): 85%. Results: The rate of laryngeal complications is 5.9%, frequent cough and bloody secretion, associated factors such as classic mask, age (2-5 years), time greater than 60 minutes, greater number of attempts, ASA> I, nutritional status overweight , and inserter in training. Conclusion: The laryngeal mask is accepted as a device in pediatric anesthesia for rapid learning, low failure rate and utility in difficult airways. There is insufficient evidence to support the use of a particular device over another.