Autoestima en adolescentes implicados en situaciones de acoso escolar

Abstract

The objective of the research was to identify the adolescents involved in situations of bullying and the impact of this psychosocial phenomenon on their self-esteem. A non-probabilistic sampling was used, as a non-experimental type with a quantitative approach. The sample was composed of 261 students corresponding to all high school levels between the ages of 13 and 18 of both sexes, from a single educational institution. In the data collection the scales of the European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire were used for the identification of victims and aggressors and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale for the assessment of the self-esteem. The investigation revealed that 31.8% of the adolescents were victim, 5.7% aggressors and 9.6% of victimized aggressors. The male sex was more frequently involved than the female in victimization behaviors and verbal harassment was the predominant typology. As for the adolescents' self-esteem, an upward trend (positive aspects) could be evidenced, with the aggressors who presented lower levels of positive self-esteem. In conclusion, the general self-esteem of students in situations of bullying is positive regardless of whether they are victims, aggressors, or bystanders, evidencing a high level of personal satisfaction.