Volumen 6, No. 2 (Diciembre 2015)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/23955

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Now showing 1 - 12 of 12

Modeling perspective for the relevant market of voice services: mobile to mobile
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-12) Quintero, O. Lucía; Jaramillo P., Fabian L.; Bastidas, Manuela; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
The markets, associated to -mobile to mobile- services of voice, in Advanced Mobile Telecommunications services in Latin America have been subject to dominant operator regulatory processes, which are necessary to attain the market conditions for optimal competition. Specifically in Ecuador, the Governmental Control Organism (Superintendence of Telecommunications) developed a model of the market to identify the convenient regulatory control actions of the Dominant Operator Regulation to achieve longterm sustainable competition in the market. The manuscript addresses the application of control systems engineering for the development of an integrated model of the market, using a neural network for the forecasting of tariffs and a neuro-fuzzy model for demand prediction. Marketing strategies for operators in this market were modeled though fuzzy inference systems and validated with real data.
Geological and archaeological evidence of El Niño events along the coast of El Oro province Ecuador: excavations at La Emerenciana a late Valdivia (ca. 2200 1450 B.C.) Ceremonial Center
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-12) Staller, John E.; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
El Niño is a warming of surface sea temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Such climatic and oceanographic perturbations have dramatic impacts upon the environment and human adaptation. Multidisciplinary evidence from large-scale excavations at the late Valdivia ceremonial center of La Emerenciana, document repeated site abandonments in coastal El Oro Province related to El Niño events. Initial abandonment is related to an intense or Mega-El Niño dated to ca. 2150 B.C., and associated with fossil beach ridge formation. Reoccupation is dated to 2200 until 1450 B.C. Final abandonment of the ceremonial center is dated to ca. 1450 B.C. and is associated with an earthquake and a short-lived reoccupation. Multidisciplinary evidence from excavation, regional settlement survey and statistical evidence from shellfish frequencies are presented to document if repeated and final site abandonment was related to El Niño or a tsunami induced by tectonic events associated with El Niño. Results indicate widespread environmental degradation and geomorphological changes to the surrounding coastline were related to El Niño, and that it was clearly a factor to cultural development and adaptation. These documents provide evidence of the chronology, the intensities and impacts of ancient El Niño events at La Emerenciana and pre-Columbian occupations in the Arenillas River valley, El Oro Province, Ecuador.
Diagnóstico del uso de plaguicidas en el cultivo de tomate riñón en el cantón Paute
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-12) Reinoso, José; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
Tomato is very susceptible to pests and diseases, for which farmers worldwide and in the Canton Paute -place where the research was conducted- use pesticides for their prevention and control. Typical for the farmers in the study area is that they do not respect the recommendations of the manufacturers; they apply pesticides in a rather uncontrollable manner. By lack of the systematic measurement of pesticide residues in harvested tomatoes, the risk for food poisoning is not unrealistic. Further, the technology to remove pesticide residues from surfaces of vegetables and fruits is not yet available. To assess in the study area the pesticide use and practice of application, a descriptive transversal study between April and June 2013 was organized by means of a questionnaire administered to 60 small-scale tomato growers. The survey reveals that farmer’s knowledge of pesticide use -which pesticide to use, its concentration and time of application- is limited. Therefore, the study recommends that legal standards, regulating all aspects related to the use and handling of pesticides, are developed together with the organization of capacitating workshops. In addition, the study recommends that the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries (MAGAP) provides infrastructure for measuring pesticide residues, and help producers in the introduction of technology for the postharvest treatment to reduce health risks for the consumption of pesticide-contaminated vegetables.
Las relaciones de convivencia de los niños, niñas y adolescentes sordos o hipoacústicos: estudio cualitativo exploratorio
(2015) Huiracocha Tutivén, María de Lourdes; Blume, Stuart; Orellana Paucar, Adriana Monserrath; Brito Roby, Liliana Alexandra; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria; Chilet Rosell, Elisa; Diaz Granda, Ruth Cumanda; Sempértegui León, Silvia Rocío; Palacios Santana, Gicela Monserrate; Monsalve Neira, Maria Daniela; Barahona Huiracocha, Jorge Alfonso; Artega H., Sebastián; Almeida Pozo, Juan Carlos; Huiracocha Tutivén, Mirian Sofía
Dislexia, déficit de atención/hiperactividad o Síndrome Irlen
(2015) Bernal Arellano, Walter Marcelo
The objective of this study wasto identify the most common visual perceptual distortions (VPD), and physical discomfort (PD) that affect reading in third grade children of public and private Cuenca urban schools, and compare with the table of common characteristics of Irlen Syndrome, Dyslexia, and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity(RST), proposed by Ronda Stone (2003). Two hundred and sixty-seven third graders, as well as directors and classroom teachers participated in this study. Children were assessed through observations, interviews and applying five tests of the Irlen Reading Perceptual Scale (IRPS®). The most common visual perceptual distortions (VPD) identified were: i) the need of using the finger or marker while reading (37.59%); ii) choppy or slow reading (33.08%); iii) making effort to stay focused on the words (28.95%); iv) avoiding reading or reading aloud (27.89%), and v) having trouble remembering what was read (19.92%). The most common physical discomforts (PD) were: i) moving closer to or further from the page (19.17%); ii) discomfort when reading under fluorescent lights (18.05%); iii) blinking very often (14.66%); and iv) pain, burning of the eyes while reading (12.78%) among others. The most common Visual Perceptual Distortions and Reading Physical Discomfort were identified for severe ranges and compared with RST.The signs and symptoms found correspond to the Irlen Syndrome rather than Dyslexia, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity
La paridad en el mundo andino
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-12) Drexler, Josef; Rojas Reyes, Rosendo Iván; Chalán Chalán, Angel Polibio; Achig Balarezo, David Ricardo; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
The present article discusses the theme of “parity” in the Andean world. The authors offer a discussion of this theme in ontological, cosmological and socioeconomic terms from a variety of perspectives: intercultural medicine, Kichwa cosmovision, traditional Chinese medicine, and social and cultural anthropology. The following considerations are a critical review of the paradigms of duality and complementarity, discussing concepts and practices of indigenous nations in Ecuador and Colombia, and theoretical models, like tetralectical and dialectical logics. The article finds that parity is the key concept that captures Andean social relations, relations between society and nature, the cosmic flow of life forces, and constitutes both socio-cosmic harmony and its imbalances and consequent inversion of space-time. The cosmological system of parity ideologically underpins the normative socio-cosmic co-existence of communal solidarity, while it legitimates the tributarian mode of production and vertical redistribution in Incan society. Considering the advances of post-structuralism on the ontologies of analogism, we conclude our essay with a view of ancestral cosmovision and the ancestral medicine of China.
Mining from a conflicting to a collaborative activity: review of literature
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-12) Feyen, Jan; Crespo, Patricio; Célleri, Rolando; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca
This article states that the confrontational attitude between local communities pushed by lobbying groups, eventually with the support of local governments, and mining companies can be turned into a corporate communication and cooperation model. Several of the large mining companies recently adopted a corporate business model in which ample room is given to the social and economic desires of the communities living nearby mining sites. Proposed actions that contribute to a collaborative attitude are the investment of time in the setting up of a communication model, the negotiation of impact and benefit agreements, involving community members in the organization and exploitation of services and the provision of goods, training of locals in conservation and restoration techniques and related technologies, and making available infrastructure and equipment as to enable locals developing economic activities which they independently can continue after mine closure. Involving the local scientific community, eventually in association with environmentalists, in activities of monitoring, mitigation, remediation and restoration helps this sector to develop capacity which will be beneficial in educational and research related programs. Governments’ participation will culminate in a better legal framework and the development of more efficient protocols for the verification if mining is conducted in an ethical, social and environmental sound manner.
International students at the University of Cuenca: a study of their needs and perceptions
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-12) Sánchez Rodas, Lourdes Montserrat; Van Hoof, Hubert B.; Fan, Alei (Aileen); Ullauri, Narcisa; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca
This manuscript discusses a study that was conducted among incoming international exchange students at the University of Cuenca, Ecuador in the period 2011-2013. Its focus was not on the students’ educational experiences, but rather on their opinions about the tourism services that were provided and on their travel preferences. Several comparative analyses of the opinions of males vs. females and of Latin American students vs. European/US students found significant differences of opinion regarding the various experiences. The manuscript makes a contribution to the literature in its focus on the students’ perceptions about tourism services in Ecuador and on their travel behaviors. It offers practical recommendations for university administrators, tourism executives and policy makers as they try to enhance the country’s tourism offerings and to improve Ecuador’s image as a safe, well-developed tourism destination and as a welcoming site for international exchange students.
Las experiencias con programas de intercambio internacionales en la Universidad de Cuenca, Ecuador: percepciones de participantes
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-12) Cueva, Ana N.; Van Hoof, Hubert B.; Han, Rachel; Eljuri, María Isabel; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca
This article reports on a study conducted among students who participated in international exchange programs at the Universidad de Cuenca, Ecuador. The intent of the study was to compare student opinions about the value of an international experience to the literature on the topic, and to investigate what students saw as benefits and challenges of the experience and how the experience contributed to their personal and professional development. The study found significant differences of opinion between incoming and outgoing students with regard to their motivations to study abroad, their personal and professional development as a result of the exposure and about their experiences with the host institution. The article advocates greater attention to the international experience among the universities in the country and provides suggestions for future research.
Evaluación de los estilos educativos familiares en la ciudad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-12) Palacios Madero, María Dolores; Villavicencio Alvarado, F.; Mora Oleas, C.; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
According to Baumrind, a 20th century clinical and developmental psychologist well known for her research on parenting styles, a distinction can be made between three styles of family education. Based on her work a project was initiated to characterize the educational style of the parents and single mothers of the city of Cuenca, Ecuador, and to unravel and characterize the educational strategies they apply. The study population consisted of 445 randomly selected parents of 6-7 year old children attending the second year of basic education at one of the 19 public and private urban schools. Factor analysis indicated that the education styles of the families can be classified in the three educational style classes defined by the classical theory, respectively the authoritarian, the democratic and the permissive. Additionally, results of the cluster analysis revealed that: (i) the undefined educational style predominates; (ii) parents/mothers alternate educational strategies of the three styles, with a trend toward democratic educational practices; (iii) no dominant educational style is applied according to Baumrind’s theory; and (iv) ample opportunity exists to investigate the educational trends of parents/mothers. Based on these findings the implementation of parent education programs is recommended to improve the nurturing and development of children.
Modelos mentales aplicados en la evaluación de aprendizajes por docentes de la Facultad de Filosofía de la Universidad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-12) Maldonado, María Eugenia; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
This study demonstrates the relationship between mental models of teacher educators and learning assessment of college students. Theoretically, the study is based on Cognitive Psychology, more on teacher thinking, and the study in particular considers the mental models. These models are composed of beliefs and conceptions that determine the actions of professors mostly based on their training experience, their subjectivities and less based on scientific theories regarding the assessment. The objectives were to establish the pedagogical approaches about academic assessment existing on teachers’ mental models on the one hand, and to identify them in relation to the assessment components: purpose, function, tools, time, agents and mental skills required, on the other hand. The methodology consisted of a mixed approach. For the first objective a quantitative design was used and a qualitative design for the second one, which was focused on the subjective experiences of professors about their practices of learning assessment. The findings confirm the presence of hybrids mental models. That is, ways of thinking about evaluation based on mixtures and combinations of elements of different theoretical origin and nature, which substantially affect the evaluation. Such mental hybrids are mostly traditional and behavioral and less focused on a critical view of the evaluation.
Dominios y facetas de la personalidad en estudiantes universitarios con patrón nocivo del consumo de alcohol
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-12) Carpio T., Ivonne L.; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
The manuscript presents a cross-sectional analysis of facets of the personality of college student’s utilizing indicators of risk and damage related to alcohol consumption. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to divide a randomly selected non-probabilistic group of 75 students in a group of 40 students with hazardous and harmful patterns of alcohol consumption and a group of 35 students not showing these symptoms. The personality of the individuals in both group were characterized using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory test (NEO PI-R), measuring six facets of the five personality dimension. Results of the group of students with high alcohol consumption show that a higher prevalence of alcohol misuse is present in men (77.5%), single (97.5%), enrolled in the third and fourth semester (47.5%), being 21 years old on average. Significant differences were noticed between both groups in the personality domain of extraversion and facets of hostility, gregariousness, excitement-seeking, positive emotions, actions, self-discipline and deliberation.

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