no. 17 (2017)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/29626
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Item Determinación del potencial de generación eléctrica a partir de biomasa en el Ecuador(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017) Serrano, José; Mejía, William; Ortiz, Juvenal; Sánchez, Andrea; Zalamea, SilvanaEnergy consumption worldwide has increased over the years to meet the needs of a society whose population is increasing. Ecuador is not exempt from this reality; its economy is largely dependent on fossil fuels. However, it is possible to lessen this dependence by considering the biomass from agricultural residues of crop production, among which, banana, rice, sugar cane and cocoa stand out as a potential sources of energy. In the present article, the potential of effective electric power generation of the residues coming from the mentioned crops was evaluated using a methodology that considers the estimation of the real availability of biomass, its low heating values and the overall yield of equivalent plant of technologies of Biomass energy conversion such as direct combustion DC, gasification coupled with gas turbine TGG, gasification with combined cycle CCG, and pyrolysis with combined cycle CCP. The results show that banana, with the largest amount of waste produced per year, has the greatest potential for electricity generation: 119.5 GWh through DC, 150,3 GWh through TGG, 201,2 GWh through CCG and 186.2 GWh by CCP.Item Manejo de desechos farmacéuticos de origen doméstico. Estudio en la parroquia Gil Ramírez Dávalos en Cuenca-Ecuador(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017) Cobos, Fabiola E.; Cisneros, Juan F.Pharmaceutical wastes can cause negative effects on health and the environment. One of the most important sources of these wastes is households, where its appropriate management is vital to reduce cases of self-medication, as well as to avoid their migration to the environment. This research aims to determine how the pharmaceutical wastes generated in the homes of the Gil Ramírez Dávalos area in Cuenca, Ecuador are managed. For this, a cross-sectional study was conducted through a purposive sampling, applying a survey to understand the habits of the population on the management of pharmaceutical wastes. The survey questions were previously refined by a pilot test, it consisted of six questions, which were applied to 358 randomly selected individuals. A container was installed during a four-week period in the central zone of the area of interest so that users could deposit their pharmaceutical wastes, which were quantified and cataloged. The results of the survey showed that around 71% of the surveyed population disposed these wastes along with the regular domestic waste and around 95% are willing to participate in a collection program for pharmaceutical wastes. It was determined that 27 of the 85 drugs found have ecotoxicological effects according to the database of the Mistrapharma research program. This study allows to expand the understanding on the management of pharmaceutical wastes of domestic origin in the Gil Ramírez Dávalos area in Cuenca – Ecuador.Item Formulación de una pasta resistente al shock térmico para la técnica Japonesa Raku(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017) Pinos, Verónica; Portilla, Verónica; Peñaherrera, Catalina; Auquilla, RubénThe area of Azuay, in Ecuador is known for possessing an important artistic and artisan legacy. The existence of ceramic minerals in the province and surrounding areas has led artisans and artists to use these materials to create their works. A level of craftsmanship, one of the problems existing in the little diversification of the crafts that are produced. Therefore, it is of relevance to study other ceramic techniques with the purpose of promoting the diversification of products. The Raku is an ancient technique that has its origin in Japan. Raku pieces are characterized for their unique artistic details which are unrepeatable. The objective of this work was to obtain a ceramic paste with local materials and to couple primary enamels to be used in the Raku technique. For them, three rounds of dosing were carried out. 19 different pastas were prepared and tested. To choose the paste, plasticity, cohesion and resistance to thermal shock were considered. At the end, the paste VII was chosen. Three commercial enamel bases were coupled. During the tests were obtained pieces with different artistic effects.Item Costo/beneficio un modelo estratégico para el gestor de la seguridad y salud ocupacional(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017) Ledesma, Fabián; Barragán Landy, Milton FranciscoThis paper presents a technical-economic model for managers of occupational health and safety, whose purpose is to determine the feasibility of taking decisions in preventive projects that require investment. The methodology used is based on systematic operations, which allow to perform the respective calculations for the solution of a problem. The model begins with the identification of hazards, measures and evaluates the risk to later propose control measures in function of two decision currents; the first relates to productivity and the second to cost-benefit that converge in the acceptance or rejection of control measures in terms of profitability and return on investment. The proposal was applied in an organization of the city of Cuenca - Ecuador in which the work of an operator was evaluated when a task is carried out in its current environment and after having taken preventive measures; cash flows were also determined on the basis of cost and expense items caused by an accident or occupational disease, owing to the omission by the organization of the legislation which imposes penalties and fines for employer liability.