Volúmen 35 No . 1 (2017)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/27411

Browse

Recent Submissions

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Síndrome de Apert, reporte de caso clínico
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Saeteros Cordero, Xavier Eduardo; Serrano Serrano, Adrián; Peñafiel Ortíz, Betcy; Ochoa, Eddy; Silva Vásquez, Mirian; Salinas Pozo, María Victoria; Sempertegui, Pablo; Palacios Astudillo, Rodrigo Xavier
    Apert syndrome also called acrocephalosyndactyly Type I is characterized by craniosynostosis , symmetric syndactyly in all four limbs , mental retardation , skin and maxillofacial disorders ; It is caused by a mutation in the gene receptor 2 fibrobroblástico growth factor expressing FGFR2 autosomal dominant (AD ) . Case report: as is the acrocephaly and syndactyly in the hands and feet of newborn male case, Capurro of 38 weeks approximately, with classical phenotypic characteristics of this syndrome is presented as is the acrocephaly and syndactyly in hands and feet
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Ileo biliar, reporte de caso clínico
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Salamea A, Juan Josué; Salamea A, Pablo Andrés
    Biliary ileus is the secondary mechanical intestinal obstruction to the intraluminal impact of a litho; it is considered as a complication of cholelithiasis that provokes a fistula in the digestive tract, allowing the migration of the stones. Sometimes occurs by natural passage through the biliary tract due to alterations of the sphincter of Oddi, especially after the surgical extension of the same. It is a rare pathology that is more common in the elderly, the most international series report an average age between 60 and 84 years. It mainly affects the female sex, with a male relation: female ratio ranging from 1: 3 to 1: 6, attributed to the higher frequency in that sex biliary disease. This condition is preceded by acute or chronic cholecystitis (75% of cases). CASE REPORT It is a case of a man, he is 83-year-old and he goes to emergency service presenting pain and bloating, nausea and vomit, in the physical examination it was observed a distended abdomen with abolished bowel sounds, tympanic to percussion, painful to profuse palpation. Laboratory tests are performed and indicate an increased leukocyte count, CRP increased minimally over the upper limit, imaging examinations CT specifically indicates the existence of gas in bile duct and a hyper dense image at the level of the small intestine. The patient still presents pain, for this reason it is projected an exploratory laparotomy.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    La mediación psicológica perspectiva desde la Psicología Clínica
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Santos Morocho, José Luis
    This article is a review of concepts to understand the role of Clinical Psychology in mediating conflicts, which from the vision of the health-disease process, it contributes to the biopsychosocial well-being of people who are involved in problems that affect the mental health. It is an experiential reflection that provides a way of being, how to oppose and solve the difficulties related to human behavior. It also explains the role of the Clinical Psychologist at the moment to use this psychotherapeutic technique to solve the problems and return the metal balance patients
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Frecuencia de escherichia coli betalactamasa de espectro extendido (BLEE), en pacientes con infección de vías urinarias. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga
    (2017-04) Macero Méndez, Reina María; Galindo Banegas, Thelmo
    OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of Escherichia coli extended spectrum lactamasa in urinary tract infections, at José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, 2012-2013. METHODOLOGY: It is an observational descriptive cross-sectional study. The population consisted of 605 samples of urine cultures of patients from the areas of: external consultation, emergency, hospitalization and intensive care. The appropriate confirmatory method was tested, it was based on the inhibition of β-Lactamasa- producing confirmation enzyme according to the Standard Institute Clinical Laboratory. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed for data comprehension and interpretation. RESULTS: A total of 605 samples were cultured, E. coli was reported in 455 samples, and only 82 corresponded to the extended Expectrum β-lactamase producing strain with 18%. According to the variables considered, regarding sex, women represented the highest percentage with 87.8%, the highest age group was 51-60 years with 20.7%, followed by the group of 61-70 with 17.1%, depending on the source, the urban area accounted for 69.5%, according to the services in external consultation 37.8% were reported, and 34.1% were emergency ones. CONCLUSION: A prevalence of 18% of E. coli producing β-Lactamasa was reported at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in the period September 2012-January 2013 in urine samples of patients from external consultation, emergency, hospitalization and Intensive care services. The women were the most affected, according to provenance, the highest percentage was of the urban area, the group of adults represented the highest percentage and the external consultation service was the most frequent. (Impact of results).
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalencia de depresión y factores asociados en los estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca. 2014
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Solórzano Bernita, Rosa Elizabeth; Pacurucu Castillo, Saúl Francisco; Mosquera Vallejo, Lorena Elizabeth
    Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression and associated factors in students from the Medical Faculty in the Catholic University of Cuenca 2014. METHODOLOGY: It was a cross-sectional analytical study. The universe was 1373 students enrolled in Medical Faculty in the Catholic University of Cuenca. The sample was about 195 students obtained randomly and with a confidence interval of 95%. The Hamilton Test and a socio-demographic form were used for data collection. The information collected was analyzed in the program SPSS version 15.00 and as statistical measures we used frequencies, percentages, OR, 95% CI and p value <0.05. Results: The group had the following demographic characteristics: mean age 21.6 ± 3.1 years, women 59%, men 41%. Single people 82%; people from the highland 80%. A prevalence of depression was identified in 47.7% (95% CI 41-55%), with mild depression predominating in 33.8% (CI 27-40%). It was established that the female sex was associated with depression with an OR 0.378, 95% CI 0.209-0.684, p = 0.001. With the other factors, there was no statistical significance. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression in medical students from the Catholic University of Cuenca is around 50% and it is associated with the female sex.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalencia de episiotomía y factores asociados, en pacientes del Centro Obstétrico del Hospital Vicente corral Moscoso, Cuenca Ecuador
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Mejía Chicaiza, Jorge Victoriano; Gualán Cartuche, Cristian Andrés; Mejía Calle, Adrián Marcelo
    OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of episiotomy in primigravida patients and their relation to factors such as maternal age, maternal size, newborn weight, cephalic perimeter of the newborn, in patients who attend at Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in Cuenca, Province of Azuay during the year 2014; and evaluate if there is a decrease in this obstetric intervention after the implementation of the Ministry of Public Health regulations to restrict episiotomy. METHODOLOGY: An analytical prevalence study was carried out in a universe of 3,798 parturient women. The sample consisted of 580 primigravida patients who came to the obstetrical center of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, data collection forms were used to collect the information. The obtained data were analyzed in the statistical package SPSS 21 and Microsoft Excel 14.4.8. RESULTS: The prevalence of episiotomy was 35.5%. A statistical significance was found in the age less than 19 years, the newborn weight superior than 3000 grams and the cephalic perimeter of the newborn is greater than 33 centimeters; no statistical significance was found between maternal size, which is less than 145 centimeters, and the performance of episiotomy. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of episiotomy at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital was 35.5%, lower than the data at the Isidro Ayora Gynecological-Obstetric Hospital in Quito (42.6%) and other studies worldwide; it is higher than recommended by the World Health Organization (20%).
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Multidimensionalidad de la calidad de vida de los niños y niñas que asisten al Centro de Desarrollo Infantil de la Universidad de Cuenca CEDIUC 2016
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Brito Criollo, Tania Alexandra; Jaramillo Oyervide, Julio Alfredo
    OBJECTIVE: To identify and describe the quality of life of children at the Child Development Center of the University of Cuenca CEDIUC, 2016. METHODOLOGY: It is a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study of 113 CEDIUC users, a data collection form was used. The results were analyzed with the statistical package SPSS 15.00, using frequencies, percentages, chi square and probability value. RESULTS: Starting with the outcomes, the 76.1% of the total population had an inadequate quality of life associated with poor economic income, 38.1%, followed by 31.9% with precarious economic income. The 31.9% of the users presented disability and 68.1% risk factors in the development. The 63.7% had difficulties to face the cost of health, the 15.9% of users belonged to families where there was consumption of alcohol, 18.6% had underweight and 6.2% had overweight. CONCLUSION: It was found that the quality of life of children is conditioned by poverty, alcohol consumption and the presence of disability and risk factors in child development.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Características de la tuberculosis en pacientes con sida en los hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso, Isidro Ayora y Teófilo Dávila en el periodo 2012-2014
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Maldonado Farez, Vanessa Estefanía; León Cajamarca, Santiago Andrés; Ochoa Muñoz, Javier Fernando; Mosquera Vallejo, Lorena Elizabeth
    OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of tuberculosis in patients with AIDS in the Vicente Corral Moscoso, Isidro Ayora and Teófilo Dávila Hospitales during January 2012 and December 2014. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive and retrospective investigation was carried out, clinical records information was obtained, and patients with HIV / AIDS were included in the Vicente Corral Moscoso, Isidro Ayora and Teófilo Dávila Hospitals during January 2012 and December 2014. Patients whose records were incomplete were excluded. Data were collected on a form and processed using the SPSS V 22.0 program using absolute frequency, percentage and measures of central tendency. RESULTS: A total of 95 cases of tuberculosis were diagnosed in patients with HIV / AIDS from which the 83.2% (79 cases) corresponded to Teófilo Dávila Hospital. The majority were diagnosed in 2012 (38.9%). The most frequent age group was 16-30 years (41.1%), the male sex (78.9%) and the place of residence the Province of El Oro (85.2%). The most cases were pulmonary tuberculosis with (74.7%), a 36.8% of patients had a diagnosis time of 1 to 2 years and 93.7% had no history of contact with people with tuberculosis. In the cases of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, bacilloscopy was used as the main diagnostic criterion, with 41.4% and 78.6%, respectively. The 29.3% had positive bacilloscopy results and 6.4% had a positive culture result. As for the clinical diagnostic criteria presented cough 47.4%, weight loss 31.6%, asthenia 30.5%, diaphoresis 22.1%, and poor general condition 13.7%. In addition, CD4 values were observed, with a mean of 234.64 and viral load with an average of 134 494.93 copies. A mortality of 32.6% was evidenced during the three years studied. CONCLUSIONS: There was a greater frequency of tuberculosis- HIV / AIDS co-infection at the Teófilo Dávila Hospital. Young and male patients were the most affected. The smear microscopy is the most used diagnostic method and the mortality associated with this pathology is high.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalencia de caídas en adultos mayores y factores asociados en la parroquia Sidcay, Cuenca, 2013
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Astudillo, Christian; Alvarado, Lucía; Sánchez, Janneth; Encalada Torres, Lorena Esperanza
    INTRODUCTION: Health problems derived from the changes in seniors are falls, the prevalence of falls in healthy seniors oscillate from 15-30%. The etiology is multifactorial; there have been identified conditions and precipitating factors. OBJECTIVE : To determine the prevalence of falls in seniors and associated factors intrinsic: chronic diseases, mental status, ambulation; extrinsic: drugs, alcohol, shoes, daily activities, location, condition of the floor , day interval, and not classifiable: previous falls, fear of falling , types of falls, in the Parish Sidcay, Canton Cuenca. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study, the population was established in the seniors of the Parish Sidcay. We worked with 489 seniors. For the recollection of data we used a questionnaire based on the WHO and the “Risk Scale Dowton Falls”, the data were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS 15.0, for demographic variables we used the percentage, frequency, and measures of central tendency, to find association prevalence ratio with confidence interval of 95% and for statistical significance with the chi-square p value. RESULTS: The prevalence of falls was 33.9%. Had a higher prevalence of falls patients > 74 years (43.1 %), female (40.9%), without partner (45.1 %) and the patients with nutritional disorders (64.8%). The risk of falling according to the Dawton scale was: high risk 32.1% and low risk 67.9%. It was associated with:> 74 years RP1.84 (1.4 to 2.42), female RP1.65 (1.25 to 2.17), living without partner RP1.73 (1.35 to 2.22) , chronic diseases RP1.62 (1.23 to 2.13), confused mental state RP2.10 (1.37 to 3.22), unsafe ambulation with or without help RP2.31 (1.8-2.9), drug consumption RP 1.29 (1.01 to 2.15), walking barefoot RP3 (2.5-3.5) and previous falls in all cases p <0.05. CONCLUSIONS: As reviewed there is a population of older adults at risk either high or low falls, this implies the need to integrate the care of this population safe environment like homes, to suit the user’s needs in the physical and thus contribute to reduce falls.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Caracterización de los genotipos frecuentes del virus del Papiloma Humano en mujeres atendidas en los hospitales Monte Sinai y del Seguro Social Cuenca- Ecuador. 2008- 2014
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Campoverde Cisneros, Manuel Alfredo; Arcentales Cayamcela, Mauro; Caguana Mayancela, John Patricio
    OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of human papilloma virus genotypes in cervical-uterine samples and their relation to risk factors in women with active sex life in Cuenca. METHODOLOGY: It is a cross-sectional observational study with a sample of 500 women from Cuenca who were attended in the Monte Sinai Hospital and the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security (IESS). The exams were carried out in the BIONCOGEN Molecular Biology Laboratory which is located in Cuenca. The Real Time PCR technique plus the Pap examination were used. RESULTS: The prevalence of HPV was 78.4 % and the most frequent genotype was the HPV 16 with 26.2 %. On the other hand, the CIN I with 27% is the most frequent gynecological pathology. CONCLUSION: The genotypes 16/18 represent the types of HPV that are directly related to the development of cervical cancer because when it is correlated with cytology (Pap) it is demonstrated that the cell undergoes morphological changes (koilocytosis). Keywords: Genotype, Human papillomavirus 16, Human papillomavirus 18, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, PCR; Risk factors; Monte Sinai Hospital, Hospital of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security, Cuenca-Ecuador.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalencia de automedicación en los estudiantes de la Universidad de Cuenca. 2015
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Reinoso Carrasco, Julieta del Carmen; Torres Navas, Susana Raquel
    OBJECTIVE: To determinate the prevalence of self-medication in students of the University of Cuenca. 2015 METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted between March and July 2015. The universe was formed by 13,860 students (6,031 men and 7,829 women) and a sample of 397 students (212 women and 185 men, between 17-31 years). The instrument used was an anonymous survey previously validated. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with Excel 2010 programs. RESULTS: The tendency of the frequency for self-medication of painkillers is greater regard to antibiotics, with the increased consumption and effectiveness of ibuprofen and amoxicillin respectively. The main reasons for their consumption correspond to: recommendations from friends or family, trust in a previous treatment and recommendation at the pharmacy. The main hassles that are reported are itching and distress. In the case of painkillers and anxiety, in the case of antibiotics rash, nausea and diarrhea CONCLUSIONS: This study determines the need to promote education in the field of self-medication in students of the University of Cuenca improving their knowledge