Psicología Social-Tesis de Pregrado

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/231

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Acoso sexual callejero, percepciones y actitudes de estudiantes mujeres pertenecientes a la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Cuenca periodo lectivo 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-30) Briones Macias, Melany Shirley; Freire Valdiviezo, Paulo Andrés
Despite social, regulatory and legal advances, street sexual harassment persists as a growing problem. This form of violence is present in any stage of life of women, who have to deal with the social and psychological problems caused by experiencing these types of behaviors and attitudes. This research seeks to describe the perceptions and attitudes of female students belonging to the Faculty of Psychology at the University of Cuenca regarding sexual harassment in the street. It has a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental design and descriptive character, developed through a non-probabilistic sampling. The participants were 188 female students belonging to the Faculty of Psychology of the University of Cuenca. The tool used was the Questionnaire on street sexual harassment and women's perception. As results it was found that 52.1% of the students recognized the piropo as a compliment and a compliment despite considering that it is an attitude related to sexual street harassment. However, 80.3% mentioned that there is no justification for street sexual harassment, and most of the respondents commented that they do not end up in complaints due to complex processes. It was found that students recognize harassment, but normalize it due to sociocultural patterns.
Depresión y resiliencia en adultos del Centro Especializado en Tratamiento de Adicciones Municipal de Azogues- Cañar, periodo 2023-2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-28) Carangui Ludizaca, Deisy Elizabeth; Santos Morocho, José Luis
Previous studies have shown a high prevalence of depression in people with substance use disorders, as well as the importance of resilience in the recovery process. Research on the interaction between depression, resilience and addictions in the Ecuadorian context is limited, which justifies the need for this study. The objective is to describe the levels of depression and resilience in adults hospitalized for addictions at the Azogues Specialized Treatment Center during 2023-2024. A quantitative approach was used, a descriptive cross-sectional non- experimental design, with a sample of 30 hospitalized men. The sociodemographic sheet, the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were applied. The results 50% presented a minimum level of depression, 23.3% mild level and 13.3% moderate level. The dimensions of resilience with the highest high scores were persistence/tenacity/self-efficacy with 83.3%, control under pressure with 76.7%, adaptability and support networks with 80%, control and purpose with 80%, and spirituality with 80%. %. Differences were found according to the type of substance and time of consumption. The legal substances group showed higher levels of minimal depression, while the illegal substances group presented the highest percentages of severe depression. Intermediate consumption (1-20 years) was associated with higher resilience scores. The findings suggest the need for comprehensive interventions that address addiction, strengthen resilience and promote psychological well-being and consider individual differences.
Resiliencia en jóvenes migrantes frente a los riesgos psicosociales que implican el viaje irregular por la frontera México – Estados Unidos. Cantón Santa Isabel, Azuay durante el periodo 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-06) Guayllasaca Guaman, Janneth Marilu; Astudillo Ávila, Daniel Arturo; Cordero Hermida, María Fernanda
Migration is a sociocultural phenomenon linked to the right of free movement, affecting young individuals crossing borders undocumented. This process involves numerous risks where resilience plays a crucial role in the adaptation of young migrants facing the psychosocial challenges inherent in irregular travel across the Mexico-United States border. The study aimed to describe resilience in young migrants from the canton of Santa Isabel, Azuay, as a protective factor against psychosocial risks associated with irregular travel. A qualitative phenomenological approach with descriptive scope was employed. Semi structured interviews were conducted with 13 young migrants residing in Port Chester and Danbury, selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants identified significant psychosocial risks, including human rights violations, assaults, kidnappings, human trafficking, organized crime, and extortion. Psychosocially, they manifested having faced emotional instability and long- term psychological risks. Ultimately, resilience was evidenced in strategies that enabled the youths to maintain emotional stability and progress toward their goals despite the challenges encountered during their migratory journey. Resilience was fundamental for adaptation and well-being in adverse conditions, acting as an essential protective factor against the psychosocial risks of migration.
Estilos de afrontamiento ante el estrés empleados por estudiantes de la Universidad para personas adultas mayores en Cuenca, periodo 2022 – 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-04-18) Gallardo Apolo, Omar David; Conforme Zambrano, Elsa Gardenia
A coping style is a habitual pattern of behavior that people use to handle stressful or challenging situations. It is the way each individual faces the problems and difficulties of life. In late adulthood, physical, psychological, and social changes occur, which can generate stress. Therefore, to achieve adequate psychosocial adjustment, older adults adopt coping styles such as religion, problem-focused coping, avoidance, etc. This research aims to describe the stress coping styles used by students at the University for Older Adults in Cuenca (UPAM), determine the predominant coping strategies based on each style, and identify the styles used according to sociodemographic characteristics. The study has a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental cross-sectional design and a descriptive scope. Forty-four UPAM students aged between 65 and 79 years (X̅ = 69 years) participated in the study. The Stress Coping Questionnaire was administered. The results showed that the coping style used the most by the participants to deal with stress was problem-focused coping (M = 24.54), followed by religion (M = 23.04), and the least used was open emotional expression (M = 12.6). In conclusion, according to the objectives set out, UPAM students make greater use of problem-focused coping styles. To highlight that the use of appropriate coping strategies can have a significant impact on the mental and physical health of older adults.
Tenencia de animales de compañía como soporte emocional frente al estrés académico en estudiantes de séptimo ciclo de la Licenciatura en Psicología de la Universidad de Cuenca, durante el periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-03-25) Avila Jiménez, María Cristina; Muñoz Pauta, Marco Antonio
Academic stress is defined as a reaction of emotional, cognitive and behavioral activation to stimuli and/or academic circumstances, and has been investigated and related to variables such as gender, social support, etc. Consequently, and as part of the tools that a person has for the correct coping of academic stress, the benefits of being accompanied are located, the company becomes a positive factor that allows coping with academic situations that generated imbalance in the individual. Therefore, the general objective of this research is to describe the perception of pet ownership as an emotional support in the face of academic stress. In order to be able to have ample information regarding the research, a qualitative approach, non-experimental, cross-sectional and exploratory-descriptive design was used. The research process worked with a population of seven students, who were selected based on exclusion and inclusion criteria; the instruments used were the sociodemographic card and the semi-structured interview. For the planning of this project, it was identified and recognized that no scientific sources have been found that have previously studied the problem of this research in Ecuador. The results of the research show that the possession of a pet represents an important factor when facing a negative emotion, since they provide emotional support mainly through their company, helping to regulate the emotions experienced by the students.
Percepción de las niñas y niños inmigrantes venezolanos que residen en la ciudad de Cuenca sobre las afectaciones en sus relaciones interpersonales, en el periodo 2022 - 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-03-01) Calle Ludizaca, Cristina Piedad; Santos Morocho, José Luis
With the ongoing economic and political crisis in Venezuela, many families have been forced to migrate to other countries, and it is crucial to understand how these children navigate their new surroundings and relationships. The objective of this study was to describe the perception of Venezuelan immigrant children on the possible effects on their interpersonal relationships through a contextual analysis of the conditions in which they live and the perception of their interpersonal relationships. This study approached from a qualitative approach, non-experimental, phenomenological, and descriptive design through a semi-structured interview. The research shows that the insufficiency of public policies in response to extensive migration processes to Ecuador leaves unattended the guarantees of rights for migrant children who face difficulties in accessing services and experience obstacles in the school environment, such as bullying and xenophobia.
Satisfacción vital y salud mental en personas que hacen ejercicio en Oasis Gym, periodo 2023-2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-03-01) González Urgilez, Paúl Andres; Auquilla Guzmán, Alvaro Fabián
Mental health is conceptualized as a state of well-being in which the individual perceives the ability to cope with the daily stresses of life. Among the factors associated with adequate mental health is life satisfaction, defined as the cognitive and affective self-assessment that allows individuals to achieve a level of well-being, thereby perceiving events, both internal and external, in a positive manner. Physical exercise is identified as one of the activities contributing to life satisfaction, as it enables the prioritization of individual well-being and, consequently, enhances engagement in daily activities. The objective of this study was to describe life satisfaction and the state of mental health among individuals engaging in exercise at Oasis Gym in the city of Azógues. The research employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive cross-sectional design. A non-probabilistic sample of 70 individuals regularly exercising at the gym was selected. The instruments utilized included the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 12). The main findings indicated that life satisfaction levels exceeded the established instrument rating. Additionally, mental health levels predominantly fell within the moderate range, with no significant differences identified concerning sociodemographic variables. This study underscores the significance of exercise in promoting mental health and life satisfaction. Despite high levels of life satisfaction, attention should be directed towards mental health levels, emphasizing the need for comprehensive well-being management among individuals engaging in regular physical activities.
Percepción de la calidad de vida post pandemia COVID 19 de los adultos mayores pertenecientes al grupo del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Parroquial de San Joaquín de Cuenca, en el periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-02-26) Pauzhi Rosas, Anabel Domenica; Samaniego Chalco, María José
The COVID-19 pandemic had repercussions that affected the quality of life of older adults, worsening their living conditions, with the appearance of symptoms, diagnoses and syndromes such as: anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms, cardiac problems, among others. The objective of this research was to describe the perception of older adults about their quality of life in the post-pandemic of COVID-19, belonging to the group of the Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado of San Joaquín of Cuenca, in the period 2022-2023. The study had a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design, an exploratory scope and cross-sectional cut. The participants were 10 older adults who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The technique applied was the semi-structured interview. The results of this research suggest that the quality of life of older adults in the dimensions of physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environment have been affected due to the various complications experienced as they age and the consequences left by the pandemic. It is concluded that the perception of the quality of life of post-pandemic older adults has declined due to worsening physical health, emotional problems, and insufficient economic resources. These findings highlight the importance of implementing support measures and comprehensive care for older adults to ensure an adequate quality of life.
Percepciones de adolescentes respecto al feminismo en la Unidad Educativa Fray Vicente Solano de Cuenca, en el período 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-02-22) Chumbi Quito, Darwin Steven; Olalla Morejon, César Andrés; Mendoza Eskola, Juanita Catalina
Feminism was born as a struggle against social relations based on power, its purpose is to denounce, make it visible and fight against inequality between women and men, this has motivated the emergence of feminist movements that fight to eradicate violence and gender equality in all its manifestations. The objective of this research is to describe the perceptions that frame the practices of feminism among adolescents in the third year of high school at the Unidad Educativa “Fray Vicente Solano”, during the school year 2022 – 2023, contemplating gender and the socializing agents that influence the development of positive and negative conceptions of feminism. The study has a qualitative approach, with a phenomenological type of design and descriptive scope. We worked with a population of 21 adolescents, including course parents and some student council representatives of the institution since September 2022. Semi-structured interview and focus group techniques were used. The results revealed that the family and educational environment influences the students' perception of feminism, which is characterized by gender stereotypes, moreover, the study presents that there is a negative perception of the feminist movement in the city of Cuenca. Although, it is concluded that adolescents have a positive perception of feminism, the feminist movement is stereotyped as violent and vandalistic.
Sobrecarga en cuidadores primarios familiares del Grupo de Adultos Mayores Historia Viva San Joaquín de Cuenca, periodo 2022 - 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-02-23) Román López, Erika Carolina; Balcázar Betancourth, Gabriela Fernanda
Caring for a dependent person, and even more so for an older adult, demands attention and time that can generate overload and affect the personal well-being of those who carry out the care practice. Therefore, it is important to identify those signs of overload, for their appropriate management for the well-being of the person being cared for and those they care for due to the consequences that this entails. For this reason, the objective of this research was to describe the levels of caregiver overload syndrome in family members of the Historia Viva San Joaquín group of older adults, in the period 2022-2023. The study had a quantitative approach, with a non- experimental, cross-sectional design and a descriptive scope. The participants were 63 primary family caregivers of older adults. The instruments applied were the sociodemographic sheet, made by the author, and the Zarit Scale, which evaluates the burden experienced by the family member who cares for a dependent person through 3 factors: burden, competence and dependence. The results showed that overload occurred in about half of the population, with the primary family caregiver being a woman whose age ranges between 36 and 44 years, the daughter of the elderly, with secondary education, without an occupation, and who cares for between 1 to 4 years. It is concluded that overload is a latent problem in primary family caregivers due to external and internal demands.
Imaginarios sociales que contribuyen a la migración irregular en jóvenes de la comunidad de Atucloma de la Parroquia Rural Tarqui del cantón Cuenca, durante el período 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-10-26) Lliguisupa Rojas, Jessenia Michelle; Ortiz Vivar, Xiomar del Rocío
The present research work proposes the social imaginaries of irregular migration as mediators in the decision making process of irregular migration to the United States. The objective of the research was to analyze the social imaginaries that promote irregular migration of young people from the community of Atucloma in the rural parish of Tarqui in the canton of Cuenca during the period 2022. A qualitative approach methodology was implemented, under a phenomenological design with an exploratory scope. For the collection of information, a semi-structured interview was applied to eleven young people (five women and six men) whose ages ranged between 18 and 30 years. The results of the research indicate that social imaginaries work as ideals of life improvement in young people, who can see a better future only in the U.S., considering their place of origin as a barrier to personal development. In addition, transnational chains were identified as a nexus for the transfer of ideals, guidelines and tools in the migratory transit, finding disparity of discourses and symbols in the face of the masculine and feminine ideal. The existence of a fantasy of life in the U.S. leads young people to ignore the negative factors that exist in irregular migration, such as the rupture of family circles, existing dangers and personal sacrifice.
Percepción de los adultos mayores respecto al apoyo familiar en el contexto de la pandemia covid-19 de la parroquia Baños, periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-10-25) Parra Martinez, Milton Klever; Ortiz Vivar, Xiomar del Rocío
The following research describes the perception of the elderly regarding family support in the context of the covid-19 pandemic at the parish of Baños in Cuenca. Family support as a primary source was essential for the elderly in the context of the covid 19 pandemic to meet their needs and be able to overcome dangerous situations. The specific objectives were to identify the forms of family support that the elderly receive and to analyze how family support influences the quality of life of the elderly in the context of the covid-19 pandemic. The study was characterized by having a qualitative approach, exploratory-descriptive in scope, the applied technique for collecting information was the use of semi-structured interviews with eight elderly who are part of the Elderly Care Unit of the Autonomous Decentralized Government at the Parish of Baños. Among the important outcomes, it was found that the elderly mainly had material (monetary) support that allowed them to meet their needs for food, medicine, and basic services, among others. Emotional support expressed in actions of love and affection was not frequent due to the fact that the majority of the elderly live alone and communication through technological means was necessary, on the other hand, cognitive support was relevant, their children transmitted information and advice to help them understand different situations. Religion allowed the elderly to face loneliness and dangerous situations in the context of the covid-19 pandemic. Finally, social isolation provoked feelings of loneliness and abandonment, which significantly affected the quality of life, however, family support was a positive help to meet their needs.
Percepción respecto al clima familiar de estudiantes que conviven con miembros consumidores de alcohol. Unidad Educativa Paccha de Cuenca- Ecuador, en el periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-07-25) Alcoser Caguas, Víctor Hugo; Pauta Ordoñez, Pablo Alejando; Freire Valdiviezo, Paulo Andrés
Alcohol consumption is a public health problem that has existed throughout history and is closely related to social, economic, family and developmental problems. This problem has a significant impact on the family. Therefore, the main objective was to describe, from the perspective of adolescents who live with alcoholic relatives, what their family climate is like, that is, how they perceive the environment in which they live, and what the family and alcohol consumption mean for them. In this sense, the research was based on a qualitative approach of cross-sectional cut and descriptive scope, in which the focus group agenda and the in-depth interview guide were used as information collection tools. The study group was made up of 16 third-year high school students from the Paccha Educational Unit, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that adolescents perceive normalization of alcohol consumption within the family, as well as evidence that living with a consumer family member affects the functionality of the family system, generating a loss of trust and respect for the consumer, on the other hand it was identified that the lack of communication creates a disintegration in the family system. These components have given way to physical, psychological and sexual aggression towards family members. Finally, with the results obtained, it is intended that they contribute to the conceptualization of alcohol consumption and alterations in the family climate.
Sobrecarga de actividades y autocuidado en madres solteras pertenecientes al programa Círculo de mujeres de la parroquia San Joaquín, Cuenca 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-17) Chica Peñaloza, Samantha Gabriela; Saca Guamán, Jessica Patricia; Delgado Quezada, Tania Lorena
The overload of activities refers to the excess of tasks or responsibilities that a person has, which could affect his self-care; since the time he spends to take care of other activities makes it difficult to have his own time, and one of the populations in which this overload has been identified are single mothers. Therefore, the general objective of this study is to investigate about the overload of activities and the self-care of single mothers of the "Circle of Women" program established in the parish of San Joaquín of the canton of Cuenca, and as specific objectives to explore about the overload of activities in single mothers belonging to the Círculo de Mujeres program and to know about their self-care. This research was developed from a qualitative approach with phenomenological design. The population was seven single mothers between 25 and 43 years of age, selected through homogeneous sampling complying with the inclusion criteria. A semi-structured interview prepared based on categories such as activity overload, health and self-care was used, which was validated by expert reviewers. The results obtained show that the overload of activities that exist in the daily life of single mothers has repercussions on their self-care, since they must fulfill different responsibilities such as work, home care, parenting among others, which limits the time for their self-care, damaging both their physical and mental health, showing bodily and emotional discomfort with negative symptoms such as tiredness, fatigue and stress.
Desgaste emocional en mujeres de la comunidad de Guablincay convertidas en jefas de hogar tras la migración de su pareja durante la pandemia por COVID-19, período 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-03-02) Farfán Tello, Andrea Emilia; Flores Arévalo, Javier Antonio; Heras Benavides, Dalila Nataly
The high migration of Ecuadorians generates several consequences, being a priority for this research the increased responsibility that falls on the woman who remains in the country of origin. Therefore, from a psychosocial approach, we sought to describe the emotional exhaustion of women in the community of Guablincay based on their experiences during the migration of their partner during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this study, a methodology with a qualitative approach was implemented, under a phenomenological perspective, with a cross-sectional design and an exploratory-descriptive scope, since the aim was not to measure variables but to understand the reality of the women's situation. Regarding the methods, the semi-structured interview and non-participant observation were used as data collection techniques and an interview guide and an observation questionnaire as tools to analyze and systematize the information provided, which were applied to five women belonging to the Guablincay Community who formed the study group and were selected on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the research indicate that the women in the study are going through a process of adaptation to a new reality when they become and identify themselves as heads of household after their partner's migration. They identify feelings of loneliness, sadness, indignation and exhaustion, as well as excessive fatigue and, in some cases, the desire to give up responsibilities. The household faces processes of restructuring and change of roles, influenced by contextual and cultural factors, which give way to the formation of transnational families and support networks.
Percepción del cuidado y autocuidado de trabajadores en el ámbito de movilidad humana en el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Cuenca, en el periodo marzo - agosto 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-03-02) Ormaza Castro, Sofía Caridad; Rubio Peralta, Sofia Michelle; Heras Benavides, Dalila Nataly
In Ecuador since 2015 there has been an important migratory wave caused by the humanitarian crisis in Latin America, causing the activation of measures by different national and international organisations that seek rights, as Agreda et al. (2021) refers, as a result of this, vacancies were opened for professionals in the area of human mobility, with implications of extensive workload and job instability, which could lead to job burnout characterised by emotional fatigue and burnout; this can be foreseen from the salutogenic approach. This qualitative study with a phenomenological design has a descriptive scope and was developed with the projects of the Autonomous Decentralised Municipal Government (GAD) of the canton of Cuenca, with the participation of the coordinators and working groups, who have worked for at least twelve months in direct contact with people in a situation of human mobility, with the aim of identifying the perceptions of care and self-care practices, both institutional and personal, of the project workers' teams; The aim was to describe them from a salutogenic approach in order to understand their effects on municipal workers. The information was obtained through semi-structured interviews and a focus group, where workers expressed the implementation of group support practices, mostly by self-management, however, they recognise symptoms of job burnout, burnout, empathy burnout and job depersonalisation as persistent situations in their work environment due to work overload and instability and the absence of spaces for decompression.
Percepción de los riesgos familiares asociados a la nueva ola migratoria, por covid-19 en adolescentes que cursan el bachillerato, en la Unidad Educativa Camilo Gallegos Domínguez, cantón Biblián del Cañar, periodo 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-03-02) León Pesántez, María Daniela; Rivera Vizhñay, Jerry Vicente; Mendoza Eskola, Juanita Catalina
In the past decades, the town of Biblian has shown migratory trends. The economic crisis caused by the confinement of the pandemic generated interest in understanding the effects of migration on the families that live in the area. While there is an interest to understand the impact of migration on a family as a whole there is a special interest placed on how migration affects family members who are going through adolescence.The objective of this research is to describe the perception of risks associated with the new migration trend caused by Covid19 experienced by high school adolescents enrolled in the Camilo Gallegos Domínguez Educational Unit located in the town of Biblian, Canar 2022. Furthermore, the research seeks to identify the risks of affective conditions within the family dynamic.The results reveal that migration is a multi-causal phenomenon, encompassing more than economic factors. Adolescents perceive it in an ambivalent way; on the one hand, they value the financial support they receive from their parents, but on the other hand, they express feelings of fear, sadness, or loneliness when seeing their family member leave. This perception is subjected to the existent relationship with the migrant family member. Interfamilial dynamics are different for each individual and their family context. Communication is key within these processes, as well as family reorganization and the strengthening of family bonds between those who reside in the country of origin.
Percepción de los adultos mayores acerca de la protección social recibida por parte del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado durante la crisis sanitaria del covid19. Comunidad de Zhizho - parroquia Victoria del Portete, período 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-02-17) Campoverde Llanos, Jennifer Katherine; Velecela Yuxi, Daniela Elizabeth; Muñoz Pauta, Marco Antonio
The context of the pandemic has affected the majority of the population in the different areas of social life, especially the group of older adults, the same as before COVID-19, they are predisposed to be infected and have consequences due to their own conditions of life. age. Due to the pandemic, there was a high demand for care services, which caused institutions to be limited in complying with their public policies, especially in rural areas where there is a total absence, leaving them in a situation of lack of social protection. The general objective is to analyze the perception of the elderly of the Zhizho community, about the social protection actions that the parish GAD authorities provided in the face of the health emergency, as specific objectives, to identify the policies implemented by the GAD to attend to older adults; and to know the feelings of the elderly about the protection actions received by the parish GAD during the health crisis. The methodology has a qualitative modality, with an inductive method and a phenomenological paradigm, through instruments such as the semi-structured interview and documentary review. The study group consists of 10 older adults who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the technician from the social area of the GAD. As a result, older adults recognize the help provided by the GAD, however, it was not enough to cover with all your needs during the COVID.19 health crisis.
Percepción de la participación social desde la perspectiva de niños, niñas y adolescentes de la parroquia Santa Ana del cantón Cuenca en el año 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-02-01) Espinoza Ortiz, Erika Monserrath; Pazmiño Suconota, Sofía Antonella; Heras Benavides, Dalila Nataly
Participation is a right enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador (2008), it consists of the intervention of actors and social groups in the analysis of problems, decision making and execution of actions to improve their community, as in the case of girls, boys and adolescents who are part of the community, however, have a different role than adults, and their opinions are silenced or ignored, in this context, it is necessary to create spaces for social participation to meet the needs, not However, not all communities organize these spaces and visibility of the perspectives of these groups is lost. The research was developed in the Santa Ana parish of the Cuenca canton, in 2022, the general objective was to describe the perception of children and adolescents about their form of social participation, as specific objectives, to describe the forms of participation of NNA , and explain the perception of children and adolescents of their experiences of social participation in the different contexts. A qualitative methodology, inductive method and phenomenological paradigm was implemented, study groups were formed: the first of 7 children and adolescents and the second of 5 teachers and 2 catechists, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The semi-structured interview and non-participant observation were used to collect information. As a result, passive participation is evident, since children and adolescents perceive their participation as an obligation or collaboration in the activities requested by adults and is influenced by their criteria
Vulnerabilidad social en personas que no acceden al servicio básico de agua potable en la comunidad San Jacinto de Copzhal, Ecuador, durante el 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-01-31) Cáceres Once, Hernán Enrique; Guzmán Ordoñez, Alejandro Nicolas; Luzuriaga Vásconez, Washington Germán
Social vulnerability comprises the combination of potential adversities for the exercise of citizen rights, the inability to respond to materialized risks, and the inability to adapt to the consequences, taking into account the environment, as well as the individual. Of which the people who don't have access to the community's potable water service are exposed to risks, as well as to deprivations that increase their conditions of defenselessness, and that given their situation they have generated their own mechanisms to cover the lack of drinking water and the violations of their rights. To understand the social vulnerability of people who do not have public water service, the research revolved around risk categories, conditions of defenselessness and coping strategies, from a human rights approach to analyze their inequalities. The same one that sought to analyze the social vulnerability of people who do not access the potable water service in the San Jacinto de Copzhal community, during 2022. The research was carried out in a non-experimental way, with a qualitative, cross- sectional, exploratory level from a phenomenological approach, to understand the realities of these people. With two study groups: the first, by representatives of the community who are responsible for providing the vital liquid; and the second, people who do not have access to the community's public drinking water network. For the collection of information, the semi-structured interview, the household-family information collection form and participant observation were used. It was possible to evidence risks of a structural and social nature, invisibility and marginalization of people without the basic service, in addition to the multiple deprivations, such as no access to other public services and remunerations that do not reach the current unified basic salary, and the mechanisms to which that have been adapted to respond to the non-accessibility of the drinking water service.

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