Volumen 3 No. 1 (2012)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/5376
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Item Mapeo del peligro de inundación en ríos de montaña, caso de estudio del río Burgay(2012) Timbe Castro, Luis Manuel; Timbe Castro, Edison PatricioHEC-RAS, an one-dimensional hydraulic model, was used to simulate and map floods along a 10 km stretch of the Burgay river. Analysis of the results reveals that the model is capable of simulating the flood and inundation situation along rivers in the Andean region, notwithstanding scarcity of information. Local governments (e.g. municipalities) can use the flood hazard zoning maps for the sustainable management of alluvial plains, through the planning and implementation of structural or non-structural measures (e.g. land use planning) considering the physical conditions of the riverbanks.Item Semi-autonomous 3D tracking(Universidad de Cuenca, 2012-06) Andrade, Juan; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUCA 3D tracking system that works with a minimum of two cameras has been implemented. The proposed system consists of two main processes: a calibration process followed by a 3D tracking one. The calibration process is done only when the system is installed; but, should be repeated if camera parameters, either internal or external, are changed. Internal calibration was conducted based on the cameras’ final locations; therefore, internal parameters include operating conditions. The adopted Wide Baseline Matching (WBM) scheme provides feature descriptors with high distinctiveness. Matching is achieved by using a voting algorithm based on a similarity transform and the robust Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) statistical method that enforces the epipolar constraints. The implemented WBM procedure provides feature correspondences between the image planes of the two cameras used for the external calibration. The 3D tracking process corresponds to the normal operation of the system after the calibration process. The proposed 3D tracking scheme which combines 2D tracking data from each camera is based on a triangulation method and the determined internal and external camera calibration parameters.Item An information system for heritage documentation management of Cuenca city, Ecuador(Universidad de Cuenca, 2012-06) Heras B., Verónica; Steenberghen, Thérese; Zúñiga López, Marcelo; Cardoso Martínez, Fausto; Santana Q., Mario; Van Balen, Koenraad; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUCThe understanding and safeguarding of Cultural Heritage involves the collection, storage and processing of all forms of relevant information pertaining to it. Whereas the heterogeneous sets of data help understanding the heritage monument or site; heritage data management is an essential task for the use, dissemination, protection and conservation of the monuments. Compiling heritage monument records is still mostly a manual procedure, while computer technology partially solved data organization and archiving of individual components. Additionally, a main bottle neck for the archiving of heritage information of sites belonging to the World Heritage List is that information is collected and archived by a variety of institutions and that each archiving organization has its own protocol and tradition of data storage and dissemination. To integrate the dispersed available information, which would facilitate the retrieval of information and making the information available for decision-making, this paper presents a concept of Heritage Information System (HIS) based on: (i) value-based assessment at different scales, (ii) a heritage (geo) database, and (iii) a geographic information system (GIS). For the development of the concept heritage data of the historic city of Cuenca (World Heritage Site, 1999), Ecuador, were used.Item Fluorosis dentral: prevalencia, grados de severidad y factores de riesgo en niños de 7 a 13 años del cantón Cuenca(Universidad de Cuenca, 2012-06) Parra Coronel, Janeth; Astudillo N., Diana; Cedillo A., Norma; Ordoñez Espinosa, Galo; Sempértegui, Fernando; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUCThe purpose of the investigation was assessment of the prevalence of dental fluorosis in scholar children living in the urban and rural areas of Cuenca Canton and to define the responsible risk factors, such as fluor concentration in drinking water and sodium. Also the relation between fluorosis and C-reactive protein (CRP) and stature were examined. A transversal study was carried out on 222 children living in the rural area and 285 in the urban area, 7 to 13 years old. The survey revealed that the degree of fluorosis is related to the fluor concentration in drinking water and urine, the salt intake and the CRP concentration in blood. The prevalence of dental fluorosis is higher in the rural than the urban area: 80,7% versus 74%. According to Dean’s index of fluorosis, the percentage of moderate and severe fluorosis are considerably higher in the rural than in the urban area: respectively 4,2 and 23% versus 0,4 and 4,1%. Age (OR: 1,23; IC: 1,01 a 1,51; p = 0,04) and fluor content in salt (OR: 7,3; IC: 2,29 a 23,4; p = 0,001) are significantly related with the severity of fluorosis, but only in the children living in rural areas. The degree of fluorosis is not related with the CRP concentration, neither with the stature of the children. The survey clearly reveals that the older children in the ruralareas are more vulnerable to fluorosis, most likely the consequence of the high fluor intake due to the daily excessive salt consumption.Item Estudio comparativo entre la atención del alumbramiento activo modificado y el alumbramiento activo(Universidad de Cuenca, 2012-06) Cárdenas Herrera, Oswaldo JoséA research project was initiated to compare the modified-active versus active attention method during the third labor phase in childbirth. In the modified-active attention method indirect indicators are used to verify the placental descent, in contrast to the vaginal examination in the active attention approach, a requirement prescribed by the Ecuadorian Ministry of Health. A random sample of 300 women in labor was subjected to each attention approach. The research was conducted at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital of Cuenca, Ecuador, and the following variables were monitored during the third labor phase to assess the performance of both attention methods: duration of the third stage of labor, blood loss, the frequency of total and partial placental retention, and the volume of blood loss during the first hour posterior the third stage of labor. Results revealed that the average length of the modified-active third stage of labor was 4,35 ± 1,36 and the active third stage of labor 4,22 ± 1,60 minutes with a p value of 0,297, indicating that the duration of the third stage of the two types of attention methods are similar. The average blood loss of the modified-active third stage of labor was 193,01 ± 66,97 versus 182,97 ± 54,62 cc for the active attention approach with a p value of 0,045. The comparative research revealed that the two forms of attention during the third stage of labor perform equally well, with a slight preference for the active form of attention.Item Retrasos del desarrollo psicomotriz en niños y niñas urbanos de 0 a 5 años: estudio de caso en la zona urbana de Cuenca, Ecuador(Universidad de Cuenca, 2012-06) Huiracocha Tutivén, María de Lourdes; Robalino Izurieta, Gladys; Huiracocha Tutivén, Mirian Sofía; García Alvear, Jorge Luis; Pazán Torres, Carmen Germania; Angulo Rosero, Aydeé NarcisaA cross-sectional survey was conducted in the period January-June 2009 on children in the age group 0 to 5 years to determine the prevalence of delays in psychomoter development. The surveyed infancy population belonged to public, private, regular and special Child Development Centers of the City of Cuenca. Delays in psychomoter development with and without disabilities were recorded, together with the number of children that benefited from early care taking. Observations were related to the level of malnutrition, failure of brain growth, the family composition, the migration of parents and the replacement caregiver by mother-absence. The stratified random probability sample was calculated with EpiInfoTM with 5% frequency delay, 3% error of inference, 95% confidence and 10% loss (N = 8537, n = 462). Seven teams of specialists diagnosed first the delay in psychomoter development using the Brunet-Lezine test, followed by measuring the disability of the 0 to 3 year old children using the Situation Dependency Valorization Scale, and the Situation Dependency Rating Scale for the 3 to 5 year olds. The malnutrition status was assessed measuring the anthropometry expressed in number of standard deviations with reference to the WHO growth charts. All other variables were recorded on the basis of surveys. The study revealed that 11% (IC95%, 8 to 14%) demonstrated a delay in psychomotor development, 6% without disability and 5% with disability, and 31% benefited from early intervention. A relationship between delayed psychomotor development with malnutrition (pItem Prejuicios y estereotipos negativos que perciben los niños de emigrantes de sus compañeros de escuela(Universidad de Cuenca, 2012-06) Villavicencio Alvarado, Luis Fernando; Orellana Méndez, A.; Tenorio Ambrosi, P.; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUCA social discourse fed by prejudiced attitudes and ideologies exists towards children of migrants with the particular risk of social exclusion in the educational context; a topic of debate and concern for the society. The research presented in this paper aims at identifying prejudices and stereotypes perceived by emigrant children created by classmates children of no emigrant families. A total of 384 children of emigrant families belonging to the fourth through the seventh year of basic education from 18 public and private schools in the cantons Cuenca, Girón and Gualaceo belonging to the Province of Azuay, Ecuador, participated in the research. The research variables were measured through a questionnaire by means of two scales: the first one the subtle and blatant prejudice scale developed by Pettigrew and Meertens (1995) and further adapted by Rueda and Navas (1996), and a second one developed by the authors. The research concludes that there are no obvious signs of manifest and subtle prejudice, based on the perception of the children belonging to migrant families. In terms of stereotypes, those children perceive that their classmates negatively stereotype them as lazy, rude, interested in money, using ugly clothes and coming from a lower social class. In addition, they feel that their classmates consider them as no clean and tidy, that they are less inclined to play and share their time with them, not loving them, treated as not nice people, having no family, not being defended.