Volúmen 34 No. 1 (2016)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/25716
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Item El bullying en las unidades educativas. Estrategias de intervención. Cuenca. 2016(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2016-05) Robalino Izurieta, GladysThe bullying for its characteristics and consequences, has become a central concern in education and health, which have developed different ways of facing in order to reduce their impact and ensure compliance with the rights in children and adolescents. This work, describes the harassment or abuse between peer, “bullying” in students of primary, secondary and superior level, the interventions are analyzed and it is showed the role that health care providers should have in the field of promotion, prevention and interventionItem Utilidad de la ultrasonografía en el abordaje del nódulo tiroideo(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2016-05) Tigsi Mendoza, Eddy Xavier; Tigsi Mendoza, Carlos Ismael; Tigsi Ganzhi, Luis ManuelIntroduction: Nodular thyroid disease is a common clinical entity, with a predominance of benign cases. The importance of the study is rule out malignancy. The anamnesis and physical examination generally have low predictive power for diagnosing malignancy. Thyroid ultrasonography is the most sensitive imaging technique to detect and characterize thyroid lesions. However, none of its characteristics is enough to differentiate between benignity and malignancy; The System Thyroid Reporting and Data Images (TIRADS) bring these features to differentiate and transmit evenly, the findings and the risk of malignancy. The biopsy fine needle aspiration is the most accurate, cost effective and safe method in the study of thyroid nodules. Objective: To analyze the ultrasonography features, correlating with the presence of malignancy, evaluating the reproducibility of the TIRADS classification. Conclusion: Given the variability of ultrasonography criteria, it is important to adopt the TIRADS, simple and practical application to optimize the management of thyroid noduleItem La Educación en Salud: uso de la simulación clínica y su introducción en la Universidad de Cuenca(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2016-05) Borja Robalino, Brigith Vanessa; Tapia Cárdenas, Jeanneth Patricia; Clavijo Morocho, Nube Janeth; Buelvas Muza, Jorge de Jesús; Palcios Espinoza, Elvira del Carmen; Encalada Torres, Lorena Esperanza; Peñafiel Peñafiel, Marcia Beatriz; Rojas Sulbarán, Rubén DaríoItem Revisión bibliográfica y presentación de un caso: síndrome de marfán(Universidad de Cuenca, 2016-05) Alvarez Palacios, Franklin Santiago; Llanos Quilli, Fernanda PatriciaMarfan syndrome is a rare disease, caused by a genetic mutation of fibrillin-1, essential for the synthesis of connective tissue elastic fibers. It is characterized by a high penetrance and a marked phenotypic heterogeneity. Among the different clinical manifestations, cardiovascular involvement deserves a special consideration because of their impact on prognosis. The diagnosis requires a complete medical evaluation of multiple organs and systems; with expanded symptoms where the decision making is complex, so when Marfan syndrome is suspected should be applied the revised criteria of Ghent. If the diagnosis is confirmed, it must start early with its multidisciplinary approach carefully monitored because there are pharmacological and surgical treatments that improve life expectancy. Finally a case is reported, with the review of clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria and managementItem Factores de riesgo de hipertensión arterial: prevalencia y análisis multivariable en los conductores de taxis de la ciudad de Cuenca - Ecuador, año 2014(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2016-05) Galarza Armijos, Mónica Eulalia; Maldonado Merino, Kathia del Cisne; Suquinagua Pintado, Geovanna Estefanía; Mosquera Vallejo, Lorena ElizabethObjective: To determine risk factors for hypertension, its prevalence and multivariable analysis in taxi drivers in Cuenca - Ecuador, 2014. Materials and methods: It is a cross-sectional prevalence study, developed in taxis drivers’ residents in Cuenca - Ecuador. With a universe of 3,594 taxi drivers, for defining the sample size, it was estimated an error of 5% and reliability and accuracy of the sample it was considered in 95%, a 15% accreted for possible losses, resulting in 377 individuals. Prior informed consent and to obtain data, measuring weight, height, body mass index and blood pressure were carried out and a form was applied to determine the possible risk factors. Data was analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 15.6%. It was associated positively: age> 45years (prevalence ratio - RP: 2.23, confidence interval - CI (95%): 1.22- 4.06, p = 0.005), body mass index> 25 (RP: 3.19, CI: 1.19- 8.51, p = 0.010), family history (RP 3.01 (CI. 1.83-4.96) p = 0.000), consuming more than 5 meals a day (RP 3.50, CI: 2.22-5.50 p = 0.000), add extra salt to prepared food (RP 2.00 CI: 1.26-3.18 p = 0.003), work more than 8 hours (RP 1.51, CI: 1.32-1.81 p = 0.005), stress (RP 2.15, CI: 1.36- 3.41 and p = 0.001 ). Cconclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in taxi drivers was 15.6%. A significant association between hypertension and risk factors were determined: BMI> 25, family history, consuming> 5 meals a day, adding extra salt to prepared food, work> 8 hours, inactivity and stressItem Situación de salud del adulto mayor en el sector Tomebamba de la parroquia Monay febrero-marzo 2015(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2016-05) Alemán Iñiguez, Juan Miguel; Alemán Iñiguez, Pedro JoséBackground: The elderly population is in progressive growth, however there is no information about the individual, family, community situation and health care for older people in Monay. Objective: The purpose of this study was to conduct a diagnosis of the elderly´s situation in an urban area in Cuenca. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study in a selective sample represented by female elderly, who were attending to the Tomebamba geriatric center ( Monay, Cuenca), with the prior informed consent of each of the participants and their families consent, and the approval of the leader of this organized group. The variables were: age, sex, marital status, comorbidities, monitoring of nutritional status, mental state and functionality through geriatric scales and home records. Results: About 24 older adults and their families were studied. The most frequent age range was 60-69 years (54.17%), the 66.67% married; the presence of overweight and malnutrition was found in 75% of the population; moderate depression was evident in 45.83%; in terms of dependence, 58.33% needed help in their activities, the 75% had moderate sensory disturbances and 50% exhibited moderate risk tofalls; in terms of biological hazards in the family, a 68.87% members with impact diseases were found; on health risks, everybody had animals at home; on socio-economic risks, about 30.91% in poor housing conditions was observed, the 66.67% had low risk family, and 45.83% moderate family dysfunction. In terms of community diagnosis, the problem attributable to higher general dissatisfaction was overweight-obesity, the major cause mentioned was the ignorance of healthy lifestyles; as to the factors of weak local health care was evident: time to care for elderly, lack of professionals in nutrition and physical activity, and the absence of information aimed to the prevention of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: The main individual problems were the presence of overweight-obesity and moderate dependence to perform daily activities; regarding to the family situation deficiencies in socio-economic conditions and family dysfunction were noted; the health service still has weaknesses in providing services to the elderly population, whose problem was attributable to the lack of promotion of healthy lifestyles in nutrition and physical activity specificallyItem Tumor carcinoide del pulmón. Resección en manguito primer caso realizado en el Hospital Vicente Coral Moscoso. Cuenca(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2016-05) Salamea Avilés, Juan Josué; Salamea Avilés, Pablo Andrés; Aguirre Vintimilla, Marcos AndrésLung cancer is the most common tumor that causes increased mortality in developed countries, in the treatment there are new techniques such as the Lobectomy and sleeve resection with bronchial anastomosis, this technique has reduced the mortality by 95% of cases. This is an oncologically valid procedure and it is also comparable to a pneumonectomy but with a lower functional impact in the lungs; it´s necessary to emphasize that this is one of the election procedures in the case of tumors of the bronchi or trauma sometimes obstructing the bronchi with few cases reported about using of this technique worldwide. In fact it is the first sleeve resection performed at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. The case of a patient with presence of a tumor mass obstructing the bronchial lumen of right lung is presented, it was diagnosed two years ago with flexible fibro-bronchoscopy so it proceed with surgery to unblock the airway, A lobectomy more sleeve resection was performed; supported in the literature about the validity of the procedure performed as cancer surgery, the surgical risks, and physiological effects on lung functionItem Conductas de riesgo familiar asociadas a la comunicación y a la lectura. Estudio de seguimiento a la investigación estimulación de los centros cerebrales del habla y el lenguaje en adquisición de lectoescritura(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2016-05) Montalvo Bernal, José Heriberto; Jaramillo Villarreal, Llanira YomaraThe research was conducted with children from 4 to 6 years of “Nuestra Familia” School in Cuenca. It is part of an investigation to validate a procedures model to stimulate brain centers for speech and language to accelerate teaching literacy. Originally a prospective analytical study, with a quasiexperimental design and double sample was made. This is a follow-up investigation of familial risk behaviors; where qualiquantitative techniques were used to correlate family circumstances, stimulation and communication in the context of learning. We investigated the intervention group originally made up of 39 children and 45 children the following year. Different elements were applied to determine the contents of the selected variables in correspondence with learning. The cluster sample included 84 children in the intervention group, of them 17 children at high risk and risks for reading were taken into account for the research. The study corroborated that it is important that parents participate in the learning and development of children since an early age.Item El seguimiento a graduados, instrumento auxiliar para la construcción del currículo. Experiencia en la Carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad de Cuenca(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2016-05) Merchán María, Gerardina; Buenaño Barrionuevo, Llaquelina Amanda; Robalino Izurieta, GladysObjective: To systematize the graduate´s monitoring processes and their usefulness in curricular redesign in the Nursing career at the University of Cuenca. Methodology: Educational research of ethnographic type, with technical document review, interview and focus group. Surveys and registration forms were applied. Data analysis was based on concepts and legal regulations about graduates´ monitoring who are established in Ecuador. Results: The nursing profession is still predominantly female, the 92% were women and 8% males; the 70.5% ranked the University of Cuenca in high category and the 69.7% gave the same rating to the teachers from Nursing School. The 72% said that the trainingwas excellent and very good, and 74% indicated that it responds to institutional needs. In relation to the skills acquired, the following were estimated as high: social responsibility and civic engagement indicated by 65.5%, oral and written communication with 51.2%, and the ability of analysis and synthesis were expressed by 48% of respondents. These learning allowed them performing satisfactorily in health services. Conclusions: The graduates´ research has been the support of curricular changes in the Nursing School in its 47 years of operation as a training institution of health resources, situation that has contributed to a better preparation of professionalsItem La Universidad y la ética, un compromiso(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2016-05) Estévez Abad, René FernandoWe propose to see again to the University of quality as an institution based on social fundaments, formed by people who seek the truth within the framework of morality and rigor, who are able to argue, discuss and deliberate, absent of dogmatism, immune to fundamentalism; with space for personal development within the framework of respect, recognition of skills and limits