Fonoaudiología

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/255

Browse

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7

Estado auditivo de los maestros mecánicos y afines del gremio 5 de noviembre, Cuenca periodo 2023-2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-04-16) Calderón Siguencia, Mariela Cecilia; Abril Orellana, María Verónica
Background: According to the WHO, around 1.5 billion people have hearing problems. Hearing loss caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of noise is a public health problem that affects people that works within the industrial area. General objective: Determine the hearing status of mechanical and related workers of the 5 de Noviembre union in the period 2023-2024. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe was made up of 50 mechanical and related workers, data collection was carried out using the audiological form and the hearing status of the participants was assessed using liminal tonal audiometry, data analysis was carried out with SPSS version 21 software. Results: From 50 users, 5 had normal hearing (10.0%) and 45 had some type of hearing loss, with moderate bilateral sensorineural hearing loss being the most prevalent (26%). In summary: Most of the study population presented hearing alterations caused by continuous exposure to noise levels; the machinery used in the workshops exceeds the 85-dB allowed according to the WHO. The need to create regulations that guarantee the occupational health of these workers and reduce the risk of suffering from hearing loss is evident.
Estado auditivo en niños de 0 a 5 años en el Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo. Periodo agosto 2022-febrero 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-03-22) Zavala Palomeque, Karol Priscila; Borbor Bernabé, Irving Antonio; Rodas Molina, María Belén
Background: Hearing is a complex process involving various anatomical structures and is a critical function that influences communication in adults and children. Hearing loss is one of the most common pathologies. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 466 million people have hearing loss. In children, it represents a limitation in their communication, self-esteem, development, etc. On the other hand, there is no referential data on the presence of a population with hearing loss in ages from 0 to 5 years old. General Objective: To determine the hearing status of the child population from 0 to 5 years old in the “Homero Castanier Crespo” Hospital from August 2022-February 2023. Methodology: Descriptive analytical cross-sectional study of the hearing status of the population aged 0 to 5 years attending the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital. Data collection from hearing test such as Audiometry and Auditory Evoked Potentials. The results were analyzed in SPSS software version 22 using tables interpreted in percentage data. Results: Of 109 users who attended, 62.4% presented normal hearing and 37.6% with hearing loss, with more hypoacusis in the male sex (60.6%). Conclusion: There is a higher percentage of users with normal hearing. Even so, the numberof patients with hypoacusis is higher, with a predominance of males. Likewise, the moderate loss was more evident, and this generalized problems in their language and speech development.
Prevalencia de hipoacusia en adultos que acudieron al centro auditivo “AUDIT”, agosto 2019 – diciembre 2020. Cuenca 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-10-27) Topon Criollo, Diana Alexandra; Tapia Illescas, Sandra Catalina; Vanegas Bravo, Marcia Alexandra
Human hearing is responsible for perceiving the different sounds of the environment and speech; its alteration is known as hearing loss and can be caused by a defect in the external, middle, internal ear or in the acoustic pathways. General objective: Determine the prevalence of hearing loss in adults who attended the Auditory Center "AUDIT" from August 2019 to December 2020 in the city of Cuenca. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in a total of 118 adult patients who attended the Auditory Center "AUDIT", of the City of Cuenca, for which a review of the audiological medical records was made, the information was recorded in a data collection form, and the SPSS version 22 program was used. Results: 118 patients with hearing loss were registered, of which 69 were men and 49 women; According to age, there was a higher prevalence of hearing loss in patients between 42 and 65 years of age with 44 cases. According to the location, there was mostly bilateral Neurosensory Hearing Loss in both sexes, with moderate and mild degrees also predominant. Finally, according to risk factors, the most prevalent was noise exposure. Conclusions: There was a higher prevalence of hearing loss in people of middle adulthood and in terms of type, a higher prevalence of mild and moderate Neurosensory Hearing Loss for women and men respectively, in addition to a bilateral extension for both sexes.
Prevalencia de hipoacusia en conductores de buses urbanos de la empresa Lamcontri de la ciudad de Cuenca en el año 2019
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-05-21) Campoverde Parra, Carolina Lisseth; Guamán Martos, Wilmer Santiago; Deleg Guazha, Liliana Magali
Hearing is the ability of living beings to detect, discriminate and identify and process vibratory molecules coming from a medium that generates sound, allowing the acquisition of language and speech development, it can be affected by several factors and one of them is prolonged exposure to noise, being considered a health problem and one of the main agents that causes hearing loss, where one of the most affected sectors are drivers of urban transport, thus producing a progressive and slow hearing impairment, tinnitus, sleep disturbance, discomfort, headache, attention deficit, anxiety and cognitive impairment. GENERAL OBJECTIVE. To determine the prevalence of hypoacusis in drivers of urban buses of the company LAMCONTRI in the city of Cuenca in the year 2019. METHODOLOGY. Quantitative study of cross-sectional descriptive type, where the sample was purposive, through the review of phonoaudiological records and hearing tests performed to urban bus drivers of the company LAMCONTRI in the city of Cuenca, the same that were recorded in a data collection form and subsequently used for the elaboration of the study. RESULTS. In the present study it was determined that the LAMCONTRI company is made up of 55 drivers, of which 40 showed that 15 subjects had a diagnosis of hypoacusis, of which 14 had mild neurosensorial hypoacusis in the right ear with 43.5%, moderate with 8.7% and in the left ear mild with 34.8% and moderate with 4.3%; 1 subject presented bilateral mild conductive hypoacusis represented by 4.3% and there were no cases of mixed hypoacusis, in addition there was normal hearing with 72.73%
Prevalencia de hipoacusia en la población atendida por la entidad Audiocentro, Cuenca - Ecuador, 2019-2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-10-06) Montesdeoca Paida, José Alejandro; Pesántez Franco, Gema Lisbeth; Deleg Guazha, Liliana Magali
BACKGROUND: Sensorineural hearing loss is the total or partial inability to hear, which directly affects the amount of sound intelligibility at short, medium, or long distance, influencing the quality of life in psychological, cognitive, socio-emotional areas. The WorldHealth Organization (WHO) established a minimum of 26 dB HL as the threshold to consider hearing loss as disabling. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss in individuals aged 36 and older, who attended Audiocentro center in the City of Cuenca, Ecuador, from2019 to 2021. METHODOLOGY: This is a study with a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective approach in a time-line. Information was extracted from NOAH database with audiometric reports of patients aged 36 and older, who were treated at Audiocentro from 2019 to 2021. A review of independent variables (age, sex, origin, and occupation) and a dependent variable (hearing loss) was carried out. Data were recorded on forms and their tabulation was performed using the IBM-SPSS Statistics V 26 and Microsoft Excel software. RESULTS: Men aged 76 to 85 are more likely to experience moderate-severe (4.5%) bilateral (31.1%) sensorineural hearing loss (10.6%), while women aged 66 to 75 keep apredominant moderate (24%) bilateral (23.6%) sensorineural loss (8.2%). CONCLUSIONS: 98% of the population treated at Audiocentro from 2019 to 2021 reported their hearing deteriorated.
Prevalencia de hipoacusias y factores asociados en adultos mayores que acuden al Centro de Rehabilitación Integral Especializado n°5 de la ciudad de Cuenca. Periodo, Octubre 2022 – Febrero 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-03-22) Cobos Toledo, Priscila Jhoana; Rodas Molina, María Belén
Background: Hearing is complex as it encompasses different structures and physiological processes that facilitate audition and allow communication. In older adults, the structures that make up the auditory system deteriorate; however, there are risk factors such as exposure to noise, consumption of ototoxic drugs, familial deafness, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension that lead to hearing. Objective: Identify the prevalence of hearing loss and associated factors in older adults attending the Specialized Comprehensive Rehabilitation Center N°5 in Cuenca. Period, October 2022 – February 2023. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in older adults attending the Specialized Comprehensive Rehabilitation Center N°5 in the period October 2022 - February 2023, by reviewing medical records, risk factors and performing audiometry studies. The information was recorded in the data collection form and entered into SPSS version 22 and Microsoft Excel. Results: 118 users were registered in the study, of whom 7 had normal hearing (5.2%) and 111 had hyperacusis (94.8%). Of the users with hearing loss, 76.8% had sensorineural hearing loss, 52.4% had moderate hearing loss, 43.4% were between 71 and 80 years of age, 98.2% had bilateral hearing loss, and 40.7% were associated with the risk factor of arterial hypertension. Conclusion: conduction, sensorineural and mixed hearing loss; the leading risk factor associated with hearing loss was arterial hypertension.
Prevalencia de presbiacusia en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, enero 2015 enero 2020, Cuenca 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-10-21) Segovia Moscoso, Xavier Patricio; Vanegas Bravo, Marcia Alexandra
BACKGROUND: Presbycusis defined as the progressive loss of hearing, caused by the progressive degeneration of the ear structures produced by age. In this condition, early detection is important, through the intervention of the interdisciplinary team, who will be in charge of diagnosing, recognizing and improving said condition, an exhaustive clinical examination will be essential with the aim of improving hearing capacity and therefore quality of life. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to demonstrate the type of hearing loss in users older than 65 years seen in an outpatient clinic at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in the audiology area, from January 2015 to January 2020. METHODOLOGY The study is retrospective, according to the care provided in the audiology area, the sample will be taken from the internal records of the department, the record was kept using the data collection form; later, the information received will be analyzed using the descriptive statistics provided by the SPSS STADISCTICS software with version 22.0. RESULTS It should be noted that the sample taken here was 1080 users, which is representative for the significance of the results, such as age, sex, otoscopy, and hearing status or type of hearing loss, the values being of greater significance and Above all, it is my desire to contribute to this research with the bases for the improvement of the quality of life of the elderly.

Browse

Browsing Fonoaudiología by Subject "Audición"