Fonoaudiología-Pregrado

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/258

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Características acústicas de la voz en adultos mayores jubilados IESS - Cuenca, 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-27) Angamarca Caldas, Flor del Rocio; Quilambaqui Iñiguez, Ligma Irene; Vanegas Bravo, Marcia Alexandra
The human voice is an essential tool for communication as it transmits emotions and opinions. In older adults, this ability deteriorates due to physiological aging. Objective: To determine the acoustic characteristics of the voice in IESS retires older adults in Cuenca in 2024-2025. Methodology: The universe comprised 165 patients. The collection of the acoustic characteristics of the voice was made through a structured survey, which included demographic variables (age, sex, residence, marital status, work/occupation) and independent variables (vocal habits and concomitant diseases). Likewise, the following speech-language pathology batteries were used: Perceptual voice scale (GRBAS), Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and speech analysis in phonetics (PRAAT). Result: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Results reported 47.3% older adults with vocal alteration 52.7% older adults without vocal alteration; this alteration was more common in females (67.9%).
Estado auditivo de adultos mayores en el Centro Auditivo Audifon de Macas, periodo septiembre 2024-febrero 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-04-14) Gómez Tacuri, Katherine Alexandra; Alcalá Aristimuño, Yralis Juanita
Hearing is a complex process that requires the participation of various anatomical structures that play an important role in the perception of sounds. However when there is an alteration in any of them, it causes hearing loss, which is common in older adults due to aging. Several studies confirm that the prevalence of hearing loss increases with age, causing negative impacts on communication, cognitively and on mood. For these reasons, this descriptive study details the hearings status of the older adult population through threshold tonal audiometry that provided information on the type of heating loss and the prevalence on hearing in the city on Macas, Objective: To determine the haring status of older adults at the Audifon Hearing Center in the period September 2024. February 2025. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in the population aged 65 to 99 years who attend the Audifon Hearing Center by collecting data with a form, otoscopy and audiometry. The results were analyzed in SPSS version 22 software, using tables and percentages. Results: Of the 60 users evaluated the male sex predominated with 53.3% according to age range, 70- 74 years predominated with 28.3%. 26.7% of patients have high blood pressure and 11.7% have diabetes mellitus; these data allow us to know the hearing status of the city of Mcas. Conclusions; There is higher percentage of users with moderate bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.
Prevalencia de hipoacusia en adultos que acudieron al centro auditivo “AUDIT”, agosto 2019 – diciembre 2020. Cuenca 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-10-27) Topon Criollo, Diana Alexandra; Tapia Illescas, Sandra Catalina; Vanegas Bravo, Marcia Alexandra
Human hearing is responsible for perceiving the different sounds of the environment and speech; its alteration is known as hearing loss and can be caused by a defect in the external, middle, internal ear or in the acoustic pathways. General objective: Determine the prevalence of hearing loss in adults who attended the Auditory Center "AUDIT" from August 2019 to December 2020 in the city of Cuenca. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in a total of 118 adult patients who attended the Auditory Center "AUDIT", of the City of Cuenca, for which a review of the audiological medical records was made, the information was recorded in a data collection form, and the SPSS version 22 program was used. Results: 118 patients with hearing loss were registered, of which 69 were men and 49 women; According to age, there was a higher prevalence of hearing loss in patients between 42 and 65 years of age with 44 cases. According to the location, there was mostly bilateral Neurosensory Hearing Loss in both sexes, with moderate and mild degrees also predominant. Finally, according to risk factors, the most prevalent was noise exposure. Conclusions: There was a higher prevalence of hearing loss in people of middle adulthood and in terms of type, a higher prevalence of mild and moderate Neurosensory Hearing Loss for women and men respectively, in addition to a bilateral extension for both sexes.
Prevalencia de hipoacusias y factores asociados en adultos mayores que acuden al Centro de Rehabilitación Integral Especializado n°5 de la ciudad de Cuenca. Periodo, Octubre 2022 – Febrero 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-03-22) Cobos Toledo, Priscila Jhoana; Rodas Molina, María Belén
Background: Hearing is complex as it encompasses different structures and physiological processes that facilitate audition and allow communication. In older adults, the structures that make up the auditory system deteriorate; however, there are risk factors such as exposure to noise, consumption of ototoxic drugs, familial deafness, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension that lead to hearing. Objective: Identify the prevalence of hearing loss and associated factors in older adults attending the Specialized Comprehensive Rehabilitation Center N°5 in Cuenca. Period, October 2022 – February 2023. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in older adults attending the Specialized Comprehensive Rehabilitation Center N°5 in the period October 2022 - February 2023, by reviewing medical records, risk factors and performing audiometry studies. The information was recorded in the data collection form and entered into SPSS version 22 and Microsoft Excel. Results: 118 users were registered in the study, of whom 7 had normal hearing (5.2%) and 111 had hyperacusis (94.8%). Of the users with hearing loss, 76.8% had sensorineural hearing loss, 52.4% had moderate hearing loss, 43.4% were between 71 and 80 years of age, 98.2% had bilateral hearing loss, and 40.7% were associated with the risk factor of arterial hypertension. Conclusion: conduction, sensorineural and mixed hearing loss; the leading risk factor associated with hearing loss was arterial hypertension.
Prevalencia de pérdida auditiva en usuarios de la tercera edad del centro fonoaudiológico Audiolife. Periodo 2019
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-03-25) Cedillo Ochoa, Sofía Carolina; Cordero Cedillo, Juan José; Deleg Guazha, Liliana Magali
Background: Hearing is the most important sensory input channel of the human being, being the basis of communication, this process is generated by anatomically designed structures with a specific function, the auditory function remains conscious throughout life we are exposed to sounds the which are integrated and processed by the auditory cortex. When the sensory organ is exposed to risk factors it can cause deterioration of the hair cells in the organ of Corti. Among all risk factors, age is a cause of decreased audiological function and is known as hearing loss or hearing loss, which is a common clinical manifestation in the elderly population. Objective: To determine the prevalence of hearing loss in elderly users who attended the AUDIOLIFE speech therapy center in the period 2019. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective and observational study was carried out. Its development was carried out from the Clinical History of the patients who attend the AUDIOLIFE Speech and Language Center in the period January 2019 - December 2019. Results: The prevalence of hearing loss found was 93.67%. The age group with the greatest hearing loss was located in users older than 75 years with a percentage of 54.1%, the majority of the population studied were men with 55.4% (n = 41). The type of hearing loss with the highest prevalence was sensorineural with 75.7%, the grade that occurred more frequently was moderate with 39.2% and in terms of extension, bilateral was predominantly evidenced with a 97.3%. The occupation that occurred most frequently was that of a seamstress with 39.2% (n = 29). All patients had one or more comorbidities. With the following distribution: 60.8% (n = 45) had hypertension, 33.8% (n = 25) of patients had DM and finally 20.3% (n = 15) of patients had hypercholesterolemia at the time of the poll.
Prevalencia de presbiacusia en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, enero 2015 enero 2020, Cuenca 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-10-21) Segovia Moscoso, Xavier Patricio; Vanegas Bravo, Marcia Alexandra
BACKGROUND: Presbycusis defined as the progressive loss of hearing, caused by the progressive degeneration of the ear structures produced by age. In this condition, early detection is important, through the intervention of the interdisciplinary team, who will be in charge of diagnosing, recognizing and improving said condition, an exhaustive clinical examination will be essential with the aim of improving hearing capacity and therefore quality of life. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to demonstrate the type of hearing loss in users older than 65 years seen in an outpatient clinic at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in the audiology area, from January 2015 to January 2020. METHODOLOGY The study is retrospective, according to the care provided in the audiology area, the sample will be taken from the internal records of the department, the record was kept using the data collection form; later, the information received will be analyzed using the descriptive statistics provided by the SPSS STADISCTICS software with version 22.0. RESULTS It should be noted that the sample taken here was 1080 users, which is representative for the significance of the results, such as age, sex, otoscopy, and hearing status or type of hearing loss, the values being of greater significance and Above all, it is my desire to contribute to this research with the bases for the improvement of the quality of life of the elderly.

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