Tesis de Maestría

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Afrontamiento del adulto mayor frente a diabetes tipo 2 atendidos en el Centro de Salud de Azogues del distrito 03D01, agosto 2022 – febrero 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-06-30) García Herrera, Susana Maricela; Pacheco Bacuilima, Pedro Xavier
Background: In older adult’s quality of life can be affected by limitations in daily activities, onset, progression of diabetes and its complications. The basic resource is the coping that the individual has to face the disease and maintain or improve their health. Objective: To determine the coping of older adults with Type 2 diabetes. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study. With a sample of 105 older adults attended at the Azogues Health Center, September 2022 - February 2023, a survey was applied for sociodemographic variables and the scale for measuring the coping and adaptation process proposed by Callista Roy, with the Likert scale. A correlational analysis was performed using Pearson's test. Results: 61% of the older adults were female, 81.9% were residents of the Azogues sector, 41% were married, 34.3% were housewives, and 57.1% had primary schooling. According to socioeconomic level, 50.5% belonged to level C- (medium-low), in coping with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), the majority presented a high capacity. There was a Pearson correlation between age and schooling with factor 1 (0.08 and 0.02 respectively), and between age and factors 3 and 4 (0.06 and 0.04 respectively). Conclusion: The feasibility of using the coping theory of older adults in the face of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) helps to determine positive aspects for the improvement of quality of life.
Aplicación del modelo de Virginia Henderson al personal de enfermería a cargo del cuidado del adulto mayor con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en el primer nivel de atención de salud de la Provincia de Cañar, 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-06-29) Vázquez Bravo, María José; Burgueño Alcalde, Francisca
Antecedents: Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent the leading cause of death in older adults globally and in Ecuador. To address this problem, the Ministry of Public Health (MOH) promotes Primary Health Care (PHC), focusing on patient empowerment, collaboration and holistic care. Purpose: Virginia Henderson's theory is proposed as a complement in this approach. The objective of the research is to evaluate the applicability of Virginia Henderson's theory in nursing staff to improve the care of older adult patients with NCDs in PHC in the province of Cañar during 2022. Methods: Using a cross-sectional descriptive quantitative design, nursing personnel in health centers of the province were surveyed, analyzing the 14 needs proposed by Henderson's theory. Results: The results show a correlation between Henderson's 14 needs and governmental guidelines, leading to an improvement in the care of older adult patients. By adopting a comprehensive and individualized approach, patients' physical, emotional and social needs are addressed. The application of the Henderson model ensures appropriate care for their specific needs. However, the 14 needs are occasionally applied, with an average percentage of 55%. Conclusion: In conclusion, the limited applicability of the Virginia Henderson model in PHC in the province of Cañar highlights the need to increase education and knowledge about the theory among health professionals and relevant authorities.
Determinantes sociales en el autocuidado del adulto mayor que asiste al Centro de Salud N-13-Guayaquil 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-07-19) Quijije Diaz, Rina Vanessa; Merchán, María Gerardina
Background: the self-care of the elderly is developed within the framework of the social determinants that generate ways of life in the different aspects of their daily lives, these impact people's lives, identifying the forms of self-care in specific groups and their environment contributes to the knowledge of the concrete reality, to raise the quality of health and socioeconomic care by families, community and state institutions. Objective: to identify the social determinants in the self-care of the elderly. Methodology: it was of a quantitative, descriptive, field type; Two structured surveys were used: Socioeconomic Level Stratification and the Lawton and Brody Scale. We worked with a sample of 150 older adults. The data were tabulated through descriptive statistics, presented in frequency tables, and analyzed based on the study objectives. Results: the study group is mostly in the 60-69 age range, women have a 2:1 relationship with men; unemployment involves the majority, their socioeconomic condition is negatively affected, they do not have the necessary resources for daily sustenance; there is dependence on their relatives to carry out self-care activities, which generates feelings of guilt when considering themselves "a burden for others". Conclusions: the study group is located mostly in the "lower middle" socioeconomic scale, leading them to develop dependency, limiting their self-care capacity, which increases with the aging process that decreases their physical (strength, skills) and cognitive capacity.
Factores que influyen en la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores del cantón Santiago de Méndez, Ecuador 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-06-28) Coronel Sánchez, Tatiana Gabriela; Pacheco Bacuilima, Pedro Xavier
Background: Constant growth and the characteristics of population aging are considered important in the area of health. This research project addressed the quality of life of the elderly and the factors that are most related to the well-being of this group. age, the quality of life was taken into account from a multidimensional vision, which should include: environmental, cultural, economic aspects, health services, satisfaction, leisure activities, among others. Objective: To determine the influence of associated factors on the quality of life of older adults in the Santiago de Méndez canton, Ecuador 2022. Methodology: Cross-sectional, quantitative, analytical study. Data was obtained by applying the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life scale, family APGAR, and the INEC socioeconomic level stratification survey. Results: Statistically significant results were reflected with a confidence level of 99.9% for factors such as being an adult over 71 years of age, not having studies or having incomplete primary school, having a marital status of single, widowed or divorced, being of AfroEcuadorian ethnicity. or indigenous and presenting severe or moderate dysfunction in the family environment, which represent a risk to the quality of life of the elderly. Conclusions: Having a low level of education, being of Afro-Ecuadorian or indigenous ethnicity, presenting a severe or moderate dysfunction directly influence risk factors that determine a very poor or regular quality of life.

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Browsing Tesis de Maestría by Subject "Adultos mayores"