Browsing by Author "Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando"

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Alimentación del rodeo de Cría: Reservas forrajeras suplementación
(2006) Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando; Serpa García, Victor Guillermo
Efecto de dos fuentes proteicas alternativas en la etapa de preinicio de pollos de engorde sobre su productividad y costos de producción
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-10-25) Quintuña Peñafiel, Stalin Rafael; Sinchi Torres, Nathaly Estefanía; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two alternative protein sources to soybean meal in the diet of broiler chickens: dehydrated plasma and poultry by-product meal during the pre-starter phase. A total of 777 one-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chickens with an average weight of 40 g ± 4 were used, distributed across three treatments with seven replicates. The treatments were: a plant-based diet (T1), dehydrated plasma at 3% (T2), and poultry by-product meal at 5% (T3). Productive indicators such as body weight, weekly and cumulative feed intake, feed conversion ratio, weekly and cumulative mortality, carcass yield, and European efficiency index were evaluated. Economic indicators such as production costs and profitability were also analyzed. During the experiment, a significant environmental challenge led to high mortality due to ascites syndrome. In terms of results, chickens fed T2 had higher weight gain during the fourth week (P<0.05), indicating a more efficient utilization of that diet. On the other hand, chickens from T3 exhibited the lowest mortality rate throughout the study. Regarding carcass yield, chickens from T2 achieved the highest weights in both whole carcass and live weight, with no significant differences found in the other productive variables. From an economic perspective, no profitability was achieved, as T2 was the most expensive despite the fact that dehydrated plasma was only administered during the first week, while T3 had the lowest production cost. In conclusion, the addition of dehydrated plasma in the initial diet of broiler chickens had positive effects on performance under challenging conditions; however, there was no significant economic return.
Efecto de la alimentación semiorgánica (hortalizas + concentrado) sobre productividad y calidad de la carne en truchas Arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-04-04) Chillo Heras, Marco Omar; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
The intensive feeding and nutrition of trout has not complied with certain quality parameters such as taste of the final product; on the other hand, it is necessary to look for alternatives that allow optimizing production costs, the objective of this study is to know the effect of semi-organic feeding (vegetables + balanced feed) on factors such as weight (g), size (cm), color (Roche scale), production costs (USD/kg), canal yield (%) and weight of digestive organs (g). In addition, a tasting was carried out to evaluate using a hedonic scale of five levels odor, color, flavor, and texture. Three treatments were used, one per pool, each with 667 fry divided as follows: first treatment: (control) conventional feed (Gysis Excreting), second treatment: with low inclusion of vegetables (alevins 10%, juvenile 25% and fattening 50%) and third treatment: with high inclusion of vegetables (alevins 25%, juvenile 45% and fattening 75%). The data obtained were analyzed with descriptive statistics: mean, median, geometric median, and variance. Numerically, the second treatment shows the best results, both for weight, for size, and for organoleptic characteristics. When comparing the productive values with reference tables, it was possible to verify that they are within the expected range. In addition, an economic analysis was performed to evaluate the profitability of the enterprise, indicating a value greater than one, making the investment feasible
Efecto de la restricción alimenticia cuantitativa y cualitativa sobre la productividad e incidencia de síndrome ascítico en pollos machos COBB 500 a 2664 MSNM
(2016) Paguay Zhindon, Christian Geovanny; Parra Castro, Christian Alfredo; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
In the present research, work it was evaluated the quantitative and qualitative feed restriction effects over the productivity and incidence of ascites syndrome (AS) of broiler male chickens of Cobb 500 to 2664 msnm until 49 born days. It was used 525 chickens that were distributed in seven treatments of three repetitions each one. Each experimental part included 25 chickens. The treatments were the following: T1) 100% nutrients – ad libitum T2) 97.5% ** nutrients – 97.5% consumption T3) 97.5%* nutrients -95.0 % consumption, T4) 97.5%** nutrients – 92.5% consumption T5) 95.0 % *** nutrients – 97.5% consumption T6) 95.0%*** nutrients -95.0% consumption and T7) 95.0% *** nutrients – 92.5% consumption. The taking dates started at the 11 day. The statistical analysis showed some differences (p<0.05) favorable to the studied treatments versus the control treatment, getting as a result the regulation and modification of the growth curve improving the productive parameters and reducing the incidence of AS. The control treatment showed a higher consumption food and higher incidence of ascites syndrome (w<0.05) showing as result that restriction program minimize this problem, but optimize the cost production to high altitudes (p<0.05). It was observed difference is seen in the final weight between T1 and T7 (p <0.05), this difference is evident because the lower nutritional density (95.0%) and restriction of consumption (92.5%) despite the fact that from day 43 to 49 will feed was offered to all experimental units favoring compensatory growth in most treatments, except T7 since the same restriction was more severe, which not equaled T1 body weight.
Efecto de la superdosis de fitasa sobre productividad, oxígeno sanguíneo, enzimas hepáticas y deposición de cenizas óseas en pollos de engorde
(2019-03-06) Jaramillo Ordoñez, Mónica Michelle; Rodríguez Bravo, Mateo Xavier; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
This study was carried out in Cuenca, Azuay, Ecuador; at an experimental shed located in San Joaquin, the objective was to evaluate the effect of bacterial phytase superdose over productive parameters, blood oxygen, production of liver enzymes and deposition of ashes in broilers at 2600m of altitude. 4 treatments were applied in 900 Cobb 500 male chicks one day old, with a total of 9 repetitions per treatment, each one being: T1) Positive control, T2) negative control, T3) phytase at normal dose (500 OTU / Kg) and T4) phytase superdose (1000 OTU / Kg, of which 500 OTU with nutritional matrix + 500 OTU on top). Productive parameters and costs were evaluated such as body weight, weekly and accumulated feed consumption, conversion rate, mortality and carcass yield. At 21 and 42 days one chicken was randomly taken from each experimental unit to extract a venous blood sample and evaluate blood oxygen levels, hematocrit, hemoglobin, ALT, AST and alkaline phosphatase; In addition, these birds were sacrificed to extract their tibias and measure the levels of calcium, phosphorus and bone ash. The use of superdose (T4) showed no significant differences more than expected with respect to the negative control (T2), therefore, the weight gain, consumption and feed conversion ratio were the worst in T2, there was no major significance with respect to mortality, costs and carcass yield (p>0,05), T4 had a positive influence on the PO₂ at 21 days, where the affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen was improved, with T3 and T4 (16.44mmHg and 17.25mmHg). The same happened with the values of ALT (2.38 IU and 4.36 IU), AST (195.6 IU and 233.1 IU) at 21 days (p<0,05), and without significance in ALP, indicating an improvement in the liver functionality at that age. The retention of Ca and P in tibias was diminished at 21 days for T4 (23.11% and 9.99%), assuming a greater bioavailability due to the effect of T4 on these minerals, and without differences (p <0,05) at 42. Concluding that, the inclusion of doses and super doses of phytase contribute to a better liver development and provide the bird with a better alternative for adapting to altitude at an early age
Efecto de superdosis de fitasa sobre el desempeño productivo de cerdas reproductoras y su progenie durante la lactancia
(2020-01-13) Balvoa Tenelema, José Agustin; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
This study was carried out in Triunfo, Guayas, Ecuador, in the pig farm PORCIGRAN located in the Achote site; objective was to evaluating the inclusion of microbial phytase superdose in sows during lactation on their productive and reproductive behavior. 20 sows (n = 20) were used and randomly divided into two treatments: T1) Control: phytase at normal dose (800 OTU / Kg of food) considering its nutritional matrix and T2) Superdose: (1600 OTU / Kg of food, of which 800 OTU with nutritional matrix + 800 OTU on top). The sows were housed in individual cages and fed ad libitum stimulating consumption. In sows were evaluated: (weight, body condition, mm of dorsal fat) at the end of labor, weekly until weaning, also, interval - heat / coverage (open days), repetition rate and confirmation of pregnancy (at day 30 post-insemination). In piglets were evaluated: total born, live births, live weight at birth, weekly and at weaning; total biomass at birth, weekly and at weaning; and pre-southeast mortality. In addition, 4 milk samples were taken from each treatment on days: 0 (delivery), 11 and 21 (weaning) to assess their density, total solids, fat, protein, ash, calcium and phosphorus. A Student's T was used to measure the means between treatments and chi-square for percentages. The use of superdose (T2) showed no significant differences more than expected with respect to the normal dose (T1). Therefore, the weight in sows, on day 0-7 (8.3 vs. 15.8), as well as the fertility rate (100% vs. 60%) (p <0.05) were the worst in T2. There was no major significance with respect to the CC and mm of GD, weaned totals, pre-weaning viability, and open days. In the nutritional composition of milk, the superdose had a higher concentration of total solids (29.9 vs. 25.4), phosphorus (0.11 vs. 0.09), ashes (0.87 vs. 0.75) and density (1.04 vs 1.01) (p <0.05). In conclusion, the superdose in breeding sows during lactation has no a positive effects on productive and reproductive parameters.
“Efecto de superdosis de fitasa sobre el desempeño productivo de cerdas reproductoras y su progenie durante la segunda mitad de la gestación”
(2019-09-09) Orellana Yanza, Víctor Alfredo; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
With the objective of evaluating the inclusion of bacterial phytase superdose in the diet of multiparous sows during the second half of pregnancy and its effect on productive and reproductive behavior. A total of 20 animals were used, distributed in two groups of 10 sows weighing 224 ± 4 kg, all of second and third birth. The treatments under study were: T1) Control: basal diet plus 800 FTU / Kg / food and T2) Superdose: basal diet plus 1,600 FTU / Kg / food. By means of the Student's T-test, food consumption, weight gain, dorsal fat, number of live and dead born beds, birth weight and hemoglobin level were evaluated. The variables, food consumption, weight gain, back fat showed no differences (P> 0.05); the conversion rate in the last third of pregnancy was better in T2 (2.38). Piglets born alive, mummified, birth weight and total biomass did not show differences (P> 0.05). Hematocrit levels in piglets did not express differences (P> 0.05) and in colostrum there was an increase (P <0.05) of total solids in T2 animals (29.6) with respect to the others. It is concluded that the use of phytases of bacterial origin in the diet of pregnant sows during the last third of gestation improves weight gain, the viability of piglets and has a positive effect on total colostrum solids.
Efecto de tres densidades nutricionales sobre las características morfométricas de intestino delgado, molleja, páncreas, hígado y bazo; histología en hígado e intestino de pollos de engorde
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-06-05) Rosas Barahona, Carla Soledad; Sarmiento López, Blanca Inés; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
En this study, we investigated the effect of three nutritional densities on morphometric and histological characteristics in organs of the celomic cavity in broiler chickens. We used 540 one-day-old Cobb 500 chickens distributed into three treatments with six replications each, with 30 chickens per experimental unit, employing a completely randomized block design, with ad libitum feeding and water. The treatments included low density (T1), medium density (T2), and high density (T3). Morphometry evaluated the weight, length, shape, and tone of the organs (small intestine, gizzard, pancreas, liver, and spleen) on days 0, 7, 21, 42, and 49. Histological variables included villus length, crypt diameter in the small intestine, presence of cholangiohepatitis, congestion, lipidosis, fibrosis, hydropic degeneration, and hepatocellular necrosis in the liver. As for morphometric variables, on day 7, T2 showed greater liver length, while on day 21, both T2 and T3 surpassed T1. On day 35, T1 reached measurements comparable to T2 and surpassed T3; on day 42, the superiority of T1 was maintained. For histological variables in the small intestine, T3 for villus length and T2 for crypt length achieved better results on day 7, while on day 21, T1 and T2 surpassed T3 in both villus length and crypt diameter. On day 42, T3 surpassed T1 in villus length, while T1 achieved better results than T2 in crypt diameter. No significant differences were observed in any histological liver variable among the treatments. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that changing diets to a low density improves liver morphometric variables, also benefiting the development of intestinal villi and crypts, while a medium density favors spleen weight, small intestine weight and length; and a high density does not benefit morphometric or histological characteristics
Efecto de un emulsificante de lípidos sobre la productividad y rendimiento a la canal de pollos de engorde en restricción alimenticia
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-02-25) Calle Siavichay, Adrián Orlando; Garzón Guillén, Humberto Leonardo; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of a lipid emulsifier (Liposorb®) on production parameters, serum effect on cholesterol, HDL and VLDL, liver, spleen and pancreas weights. 600 mixed Cobb 500 chicks were used in 3 treatments: T1: Control without the addition of the emulsifier with 6 replicates; T2: Emulsifier on top (500 g/TM) and T3: Emulsifier (500 g/TM) minus 50 Kcal/Kg of the total EMA requirement with 7 replicates each. Productivity (weight, food consumption, conversion rate and mortality) and liver weight, spleen and pancreas were evaluated. At 7, 21 and 42 days two birds (male and female) were randomly taken from each experimental unit to draw a venous blood sample and evaluate blood parameters such as: cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and VLDL; and were sacrificed for the extraction and weighing of their organs. At 42 days, 6 males and 6 females of each treatment were sacrificed to evaluate the yield to the canal. The use of emulsifier in T3 provided optimal weight, consumption and conversion rate up to 21 days of age, that despite no significant difference (p>0.05) a result comparable to the control was obtained. The size of organs related to lipid digestion (liver and pancreas) showed significant difference (p<0.05) in T3 where they were increased by an increase in secretol function, result that is noticeable at 21 days of age, coinciding with blood variables (Triglycerides, HDL and VLDL) that showed the same behavior (p<0.05) in the same period, showing that the additive improved lipid metabolism. There were no significant differences in mortality or costs (p>0.05). In terms of channel performance, T1 released with respect to T2 and T3 (p<0.05). In conclusion, the emulsifier acts effectively up to 21 days, a key period for the digestive immaturity of the bird, supplementing this incapacity, satisfying its energy demand and consequently improving its productivity.
Efecto del plasma deshidratado en la etapa de preinicio en la dieta de pollos de engorde sobre la respuesta inmune y morfometría de los órganos digestivos
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-01-28) Velasco Hurtado, María José; Yunga Chapa, José Bryam; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
The increase in health challenges in poultry production has driven the search for more effective nutritional strategies. Animal plasma has gained interest due to its high content of albumins and globulins, which promote intestinal health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of spray-dried plasma (SDP) compared to soybean meal and poultry by product meal during the pre-starter phase in 777 one-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks, with an average weight of 40 g ± 4, distributed into three experimental treatments in a completely randomized block design with 7 replicates, each containing 37 chicks. The treatments were: T1: vegetable-based diet, T2: 3% SDP, and T3: 5% poultry by-product meal. The study analyzed immune response to Newcastle and Gumboro viruses, morphometry of digestive organs (evaluating weight, length, relative weight, allometric growth, shape, and tonality), and histology of the small intestine (based on villus length, depth of Lieberkühn crypts, and goblet cells) at 0, 7, 14, 35, 42, and 49 days of age. The results indicated that no significant differences were observed in immune response or the general morphometry of the evaluated organs. However, T1 showed a significant effect in optimizing the development of the Bursa of Fabricius and the gizzard at day 14. In the histological analysis, T1 and T2 demonstrated improvements in villus length and crypt depth: T1 had a greater impact during the early days (7 and 14), while T2 was more effective in the later stages (35 and 42). Additionally, the number of goblet cells was significantly higher with T1 during the early days. In conclusion, the addition of SDP in the pre-starter diet of broiler chickens had positive effects specifically on the histology of the small intestine compared to T1 and T3. However, T2, based on soybean meal, showed greater uniformity across most of the studied variables, while T3, with poultry by-product meal, stood out for its cost-effectiveness. All diets ensured uniform and functional growth.
Efecto del uso de un emulsificante de lípidos aquasterol en pollos cobb 500 machos sobre los parámetros productivos a 2.700 m.s.n.m
(2015) Delgado Yanza, Lucio Tito; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
lPoultry production is established in four bases, 1) health, 2) management, 3) genetic, and, 4) nutrition which are interrelated, for this reason the imbalance of any of these rules will impact on productivity and final results of the broiler flocks. This project reference to broiler nutrition. This study evaluate the "Effect of the use of an emulsifier of lipids (Aquasterol ®) in broilers male Cobb 500, on performance at 2.700 meters above sea level." The hypothesis suggests that lipid emulsifiers supplemented in broiler food will improve growth performance. In this experiment were used 225 male broiler Cobb 500 of a day old distributed by DCA (completely randomized design), in three experimental treatments of 5 experimental units, each unit containing 15 chicks which remained in production until 42 days old. The treatments were: T1) control without food emulsifier, T2) Emulsifier: 1500 g / TM, and T3) Emulsifier to 3000 g / TM. The feeding program for all treatments was designed in three phases: F1) 1-7 days; F2) 8-25 days and F3) 26-42 days. The variables were registered weekly until the sixth week and accounted for: weight gain (g), feed intake (g), commercial conversion rate (g / g), conversion rate corrected for mortality (g / g) and mortality (%). As a result we can say that the addition of the emulsifier (Aquasterol ®) had no positive effect on performance
Efectos de la suplementación de zeolita en la salud e involución uterina y el retorno de la ciclicidad ovárica postparto en vacas lecheras del cantón Cuenca-Ecuador
(2020-01-03) Sinchi Merchán, Franklin Israel; Zuin Jarro, Jenny Fernanda; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
The clinoptilolite in the bovine diet acts as an antioxidant and alkalizing substance at the ruminal level, studies show that it works as an abductor of aflatoxins and helps strengthen the immune system indirectly. The objective of this study was to evaluate the action of zeolite in dairy cows in the postpartum period, and its effect on endometrial polymorphonuclear, calving-first service interval, calving-conception interval, ovarian cyclicity, uterine involution and accumulated production. A total of 60 mestizo cows (Holstein-friesian), multiparous, body condition between 2.5 - 3.5, clinically healthy; the diet offered was based in pastures more balaced; through randomized distribution two groups of 30 animals each were formed: control (GC) and treatment (GZ); GZ, consumed 50 and 200 g of zeolite, used from 15 to 60 days before and after delivery, respectively; were evaluated, at 34 to 47 days postpartum with endometrial cytology; In addition, the uterine involution (UI), ovarian cyclic reboot (OCR), interval calving first service (ICFS), calving-conception interval (CCI) and cumulative production (CP) at 100 days were assessed. The percentage of polymorphonuclear was lower (P <0.0001) in the GZ (2.89%). Meanwhile, the UI, OCR, ICFS, CCI and CP did not vary (P> 0.05) between treatments. In conclusion, the inclusion of zeolite in the bovine diet improved uterine health. Therefore, it can be adopted as a nutritional management strategy.
Evaluación de dos tipos de fitasa sobre la productividad y calidad de huevos en codornices
(2016) Villacis Vivar, Liliana Paola; Vizhco Minchala, Cristóbal Israel; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
The main purpose of this research is to evaluate two types of phytase (fungal and bacterial) in regards of the productivity and quality of the quail egg on its stance phase. The investigation was made in the Alejo Farm located in Cruz Calle, Sinincay. The method used was the Bloques Completamente al Azar (D.B.A.) of six treatments with 10 repetitions. As a result of it, we used the Method of Duncan in a 5% which is the combination of ANOVA and orthogonal polynomials. The results working with this method was ten quails for each experimental unit with a grand total of six hundred birds. The treatments used to prove the success of this research were: T1) Diet Control (normal diet without phytase), T2) Negative Diet Control (application of the nutrition facts matrix without phytase), T3) Quantum Blue without nutrition facts matrix for formulation (T1 + enzyme On Top 120g/TM), T4) Quantum Blue with nutrition facts matrix for formulation (120g/TM), T5) Ronozyme NP without nutrition facts matrix for formulation (T1 + enzyme On Top 90g/TM), and T6) Ronozyme NP with nutrition facts matrix for formulation (90g/TM). All the information of this investigation has been analyzed, organized and systematized under a SPSS. The supplementation feeding with phytase had a significant effect (p<0,05) over the egg production and quality parameters: weight, shell thickness, yolk and morphological index. Quails fed with phytase using the method T3 had a significant increase in the egg weight with an average of 12,53gr than quails fed under the methods of diet control and negative diet control. Besides that, we could observe a great increase of 0,2636mm on the shell thickness using the method T6, and the yolk index average was between of 0,44%-0,46% as well. Finally, the morphological index average was between of 76,72%-77,57%, and it is considered a typical elliptical shape. These results determined that all the methods practiced work for this variable. There was not a significant differences (P>0,05) in the following variables: Weekly mortality, accumulative mortality, weekly stance phase, fárfara eggs, bird weight, and yolk color. The higher income was obtained with the T4 reaching a B/C of 1,17 USD.
Evaluación de tres lactoreemplazantes en etapa predestete y su efecto sobre la productividad de la descendencia y condición corporal de las madres
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-03-29) Pichazaca Quituisaca, María Esther; Viñanzaca Pallazhco, Laura Cecilia; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
This study was developed in El Oro Piñas in the pig farm “Reina del Cisne”. The objective was to compare the effect of three commercial milk replacers on productivity and mortality of piglets in the pre-weaning stage and their effect on the body condition of the dams. The sample of this study was 40 sows which were randomly divided into four treatments: T1) Control: without milk replacer, T2) milk replacer A: 130 g / L of water, T3) milk replacer B: 250 g / L water, T4) milk replacer C: 150 g / L of water. The following were evaluated: weight, body condition (BC), and mm of back fat of the mothers at the time of transfer to; maternity, labor, weekly, and weaning. In addition, food consumption, days of return to estrus, and pregnancy rate. In the piglets, the following were evaluated: live births, total births, weaned, mortality, stool score, weight, biomass at birth, and at weaning. Furthermore, it was evaluated the money invested per piglet for milk replacer. Duncan's test (p>0.05) was used for the means between the treatments and chi-square for percentages. The variables evaluated in the sows did not show differences (p> 0.05); In the piglets, there were no significant differences (p> 0.05), except for a statistical trend in favor of the control treatment. However, it should be considered that it is a positive farm for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRS). Regarding the economic impact per piglet, treatment four was the one with the lowest cost. In conclusion, the use of milk replacer did not show significant effects on the productive parameters of the sow, but in the piglets, there was a statistical trend towards better biomass at the weaning of the piglets.
Evaluación económica del engorde de toretes alimentados con cerdaza, pollinaza y concentrado comercial
(2015) Ramírez Gallardo, Maira Alejandra; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
Economic feasibility was assessed in a feedlot system where young bulls were fed pig excreta, poultry excreta and commercial concentrate with 40 young bulls on completely randomized design and means were compared with Duncan test with significance level of 0.05. The four appointed treatments were: T1) Control, feed; T2) chicken manure + kernels + molasses; T3) swine manure + kernels + molasses; T4) commercial concentrate. The other ingredients were Maralfalfa (Pennisetum spp.) grass and mineral salts. The study’s duration was for 90 days, plus 15 days for adaptation. Weight gain evidenced a significant difference (p <0.05) between treatments with 51.7 average values; 108.6; 69.7; and 94.5 kg, for the diets T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively. In the same order, daily weight gain 0.575; 1.207; 0.775; and 1.050 kg/day, where significant differences were found in all treatments. The results indicate that treatment with poultry excreta reaches the best productive and economic response than forage, pig excreta and commercial concentrates treatments
Evaluación productiva y económica del engorde de toretes alimentados con excretas de cerdos y de aves (cerdaza y pollinaza) y concentrado comercial
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015) Ramírez Gallardo, María Alejandra; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
Influencia de la suplementación de tres fuentes comerciales de xantofilas amarillas en la dieta de pollos de engorde sobre la intensidad del pigmento y su impacto económico
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-06-01) Zambrano Mora, Juan Sebastián; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
The color of the skin and meat in broiler chickens is a key factor in consumer acceptance of the product. Therefore, pigmentation through xanthophylls particularly those derived from Marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta) is a common practice in the poultry industry due to their high efficacy. This study evaluated the effect of three commercial sources of xanthophylls during different rearing periods, using 777 Cobb 500 broiler chickens distributed across three treatments: liquid pigment GP Oro at 1.5% (T1), premix powder pigment GP Oro at 4% (T2), and premix powder pigment Xantinex at 4% (T3), with seven replicates per treatment. Visual pigmentation of shanks and apteria was assessed at 28, 35, 42, and 49 days, as well as breast coloration both fresh and after 24 hours of refrigerationat 42 and 49 days. Results showed that T1 exhibited the highest pigmentation intensity compared to T2 and T3, especially at 42 and 49 days, both in live birds and post-slaughter breast evaluations. Although T2 and T3 did not reach the same intensity as T1, they achieved acceptable levels of pigmentation and showed specific advantages at certain rearing stages. From an economic perspective, all treatments increased production costs, with values varying over time. At 42 days, the cost per kilogram of feed was $0.076 for T1, $0.054 for T2, and $0.061 for T3; by 49 days, these values increased to $0.118, $0.081, and $0.089, respectively. In conclusion, the commercial xanthophyll sources used significantly influence chicken pigmentation, and although they raise production costs, their use is justified by the improved aesthetic quality of the product and its greater acceptance by consumers.
Producción alternativa de pollos hubbard variedad redbro S
(2015) Soria Parra, Antonio Xavier; Rodríguez Saldaña, Diego Fernando
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of alternative diets on productive parameters and costs of production in broilers of lineage Hubbard variety redbro S. The research was conducted in the experimental poultry farm of Irquis belonging to the Faculty of agricultural sciences of the University of Cuenca. Used 525 birds from day 1, distribution was completely random, with 3 treatments and 7 repetitions, each experimental unit stayed 25 birds. Treatments were defined by three food programs of similar nutritional characteristics: a control treatment (T1 program control), a second treatment (T2) with an alternative program (with essential oil of oregano as growth promoter) and the third (T3) treatment with the same program food T2 more waste vegetable. The variables evaluated were: gain weight, feed conversion, mortality and consumption of food, which were evaluated weekly. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using the ANOVA procedure for a model completely at random with the statistical package SPSS version 22. The differences between the averages of the studied variables were analyzed by applying the Tukey test to 5% for treatments. The production costs of each treatment were evaluated at the end of the investigation and we proceeded with the slaughter and dressing of the 3% of birds in each treatment (6 chickens) for the analysis of qualitative variables like (color, smell, taste and texture) and (tarsi) pigmentation of birds. The results at the end of the research for quantitative variables weight gain, food consumption, food Conversion, mortality and costs of production, after having made all the tests, showed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). While for the qualitative variables (color, smell, taste) was determined at the end of the investigation, after the Friedman test that the best treatment both for the Group of students and teachers was the T3 treatment (alternative food program + vegetable residues). Accepting the null hypothesis says: feed chickens of Hubbard variety Redbro lineage with an alternative diet will not affect productive parameters and production costs