Browsing by Author "Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra"

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Determinación de capacidad de carreteras en Cuenca (Ecuador) y comparación con el manual de capacidad HCM
(2018) Carpio Vázquez, Fabián Ramiro; Avilés Ordóñez, Juan Marcelo; Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Feyen, Jan Jozef Albert
A transverse study was carried out in cross sections of 6 double lane roads in the City of Cuenca (Ecuador), in the period August 2015 to February 2016. The road capacity was calculated using at one hand field observations and at the other hand applying the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). The HCM approach overestimated the road capacity on average with 58% as compared to the road capacity obtained using field data (field Data was collected using the “Moving Beholder”metod. The overestimation of the road capacity using HCM is due to the fact that the parameters in this method not really represent local avenues parameters. Comparison between both methods clearly reveals that the HCM method, derived for American highway-traffic conditions, is not applicable to the road-traffic conditions in Cuenca.
Determinación de capacidad de carreteras en Cuenca (Ecuador) y comparación con el manual de capacidad HCM
(2018) Carpio Becerra, Fabian Miguel; Aviles Ordoñez, Juan Marcelo; Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra
A transverse study was carried out in cross sections of 6 double lane roads in the City of Cuenca (Ecuador), in the period August 2015 to February 2016. The road capacity was calculated using at one hand field observations and at the other hand applying the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). The HCM approach overestimated the road capacity on average with 58% as compared to the road capacity obtained using field data, field data was collected using the “moving observer” method. The overestimation of the road capacity using HCM occur since the parameters in this method not really represent local avenue parameters. Comparison between both methods clearly reveals that the HCM method, derived for American highway-traffic conditions, is not applicable to the road-traffic conditions in Cuenca.
Estudio Transversal: Factores de Riesgo para Alergia Alimentaria en Adolescentes de Cuenca y Santa Isabel, Ecuador
(2017) Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; García García, Ana Angélica; Zúñiga Carpio, Gabriela Alexandra; Córdova Jimbo, Diana Paola; Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana; Andrade Tenesaca, Dolores Susana; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María
BACKGROUND:Food allergy in adolescents has been widely associated with risk factors. The aim of this investigation was determined, among adolescents of Cuenca and santa isabel, the prevalence of food allergy and its association with reported risk factors determined by self-report and skin prick test.
Evaluación del estado nutricional en adolescentes de 15 a 18 años de los colegios "Técnico de Chiquintad", Técnico Ricaurte y "San Francisco" del cantón Cuenca, octubre 2009.
(2010) Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Castillo Cueva, Oscar Leonardo; Rojas Reyes, Rosendo Iván; García Alvear, Jorge Luis
Background. - The food trends and physical activity by sociocultural influences determine changes in nutritional status. In Ecuador, malnutrition and obesity are growing, but in the province of Azuay data are scarce. Objectives. - General: To evaluate the nutritional status of adolescents aged 15 to 18 years in schools "TÉCNICO CHIQUINTAD", "TÉCNICO RICAURTE" and "SAN FRANCISCO", canton of Cuenca. Specific: To describe patterns of food intake and physical activity and its relation to nutritional status. Methodology. - It took a random sample per school, was obtained 200 adolescents, 137 men (67%) and 66 women (33%). Were collected anthropometrics measures (weight and height) and implemented individual questionnaires. Results. - 14.93% men and 13.64% of women are overweight; 2.99% of men and 4.55% of women are obese. 32.84% men and 50% of women with hypercaloric patterns consume more carbohydrates than recommended. The relationship between these patterns and nutritional status is not significant. 57.46% male students and 51.52% female made physically active “moderate”, between this and the nutritional status if there is a relationship, but between this and socioeconomic status there no. Conclusions. - A high percentage of adolescents present overweight and obese. Less than half of adolescents consumed more calories than necessary, with unbalanced food intake patterns, probably due to the increased availability of this type of diet, most adolescents practiced sports three times a week, two hours daily and influence the nutritional status.
Factores de riesgo para trastornos musculoesqueléticos en personal de enfermería en un hospital de Cuenca
(2018-07-23) Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María
Work related Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) increase globally. In Ecuador there is scarce documentation about risk factors (RF). The objective was to identify MSDs, their RF and a prevention strategy. A cross-sectional and correlational-scope study was carried out on the nursing staff from José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital (JCAH) (Azuay-Ecuador), from June 2017 to April 2018, in two phases: Quantitative; data collected about MSDs symptoms and individual, biomechanical, psychosocial and cultural RF; Qualitative; Interviews were carried out with JCAH actors, to identify barriers and facilitators of strategy implementation. MSDs prevalence was reported in percentages; logistic regression models were tested to identify associated RF. The transcripts of the interviews were coded according to ecological model constructs. The prevention strategy was structured based on the results of the two phases. MSDs prevalence in nursing staff (n=207, 94.6% females), in at least one body region, was 85.4% (95% CI: 80.6-90.3), lumbar region was the most frequent MSDs reported (66.5, 95% CI: 60.0-73.0). The somatizing tendency, as well as the beliefs "work associated" and "knowing people at work with pain" were associated with a higher prevalence of MSDs. The strategy proposes educate in psychosocial, musculoskeletal health, perform physical exercise, consider barriers (lack of staff time) and facilitators (positive attitude). The MSDs in the nursing staff are very prevalent, especially at lumbar area; Psychological and cultural RF are associated. Prevention strategy could generate positive effects on the musculoskeletal health of the personnel evaluated.
Food allergy, airborne allergies, and allergic sensitisation among adolescents living in two disparate socioeconomic regions in Ecuador: a cross-sectional study
(2020) Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Andrade Tenesaca, Dolores Susana; Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana; Perkin, Michael; Gebreegziabher, Tesfalem Lukas; Zúñiga Carpio, Gabriela Alexandra; Andrade Muñoza, Diana; Ramírez Jimbo, Patricia Liliana; García García, Ana Angélica; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María
Background: Allergic diseases are under-investigated and overlooked health conditions in developing countries. We measured the prevalence of food allergy (FA), airborne allergic disease, and allergic sensitisation among adolescents living in 2 socio-demographically disparate regions in Ecuador. We investigated which risk factors are associated with these conditions. Methods: A cross-sectional study involved 1338 students (mean age: 13 ± 0.9 years old) living in Cuenca (n = 876) and Santa Isabel (n = 462). History of allergic symptoms (noted by parents or doctor) to food, house dust mites (HDM), pollen, and pets were recorded. Sociodemographic characteristics, environmental exposures, and parental history of allergic disorders data were collected. Sensitisation to 19 food and 20 aeroallergens was measured by skin-prick testing (SPT). FA and airborne allergic diseases (to HDM, pollen, cat, or dog) were defined as a report of allergic symptoms noted by doctor, together with a positive SPT (wheal size ≥3 mm). Logistic regression models were used to identify environmental and parental factors associated with allergic conditions. Results: FA was prevalent among 0.4% (95% CI 0.2%–0.9%), and food sensitisation among 19.1% of the adolescents. Shrimp was the most frequent food linked with FA and food sensitisation. Risk factors associated with FA could not be evaluated due to the low prevalence. Food sensitisation was higher among adolescents exposed to family smoking (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.14–2.34, p = 0.008) and those with parental history of allergic disorders (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.13–2.49, p = 0.01), but less common among adolescents owning dogs (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.41–0.84, p = 0.003). Airborne allergic diseases were prevalent amongst 12.0% of the adolescents (95% CI: 10.4–13.9, n = 1321), with HDM as the primary allergen (11.2%). Airborne allergic diseases were less common among adolescents with more siblings (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65–0.96, p = 0.02) and those who lived with farm animals in the first year of life (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.23–0.95, p = 0.04), but, most common among adolescents with a smoking family (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.04–2.70, p = 0.03) and with a parental history of allergic disorders (OR self-perceived: 2.62, 95% CI 1.46–4.71, p = 0.001; OR diagnosed by a doctor: 4.07, 95% CI 2.44–6.80, p < 0.001). Conclusions: FA and airborne allergies are less prevalent in Ecuador than in developed regions; there is a great dissociation between the prevalence of allergic disease and allergic sensitisation. Shrimp and HDM were the most prevalent allergens. Risk factors identified in this study to be related to allergic diseases should be considered by physicians, health practitioners, and epidemiologists in Ecuador.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on asthmasymptoms and management: a prospectiveanalysis of asthmatic children in Ecuador
(2021) Rodríguez, Alejandro; Romero Sandoval, Natalia Cristina; Cruz, Alvaro A.; Cooper , Philip John; Arteaga Vaca, Karen Alexandra; Maldonado G., Augusto; Maestre Calderón, Manolo Patricio; Chis Ster, Irina; Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana; Molina Cando, María José; Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Ochoa Avilés, María Cristina; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María
ackground:Asthma affects up to 33% of children in Latin American settings. The ongoingCOVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on access to and use of health services. Weaimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on asthma exacerbations, medical facilityvisits, and use of asthma medications in children.Methods:We used data from a prospective cohort of 213 children aged 5–17 years in 3 Ecua-dorian cities and analysed the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on asthma. Outcomes (asthmaexacerbations, emergency room [ER] visits, planned and unplanned outpatient visits, and use ofinhaled corticosteroids and Beta-2 agonists) were analysed using repeated Poisson counts (ie,number of events per participant before and during the COVID-19 lockdown).Results:During compared to before lockdown: a) the number of asthma exacerbations remainedconstant (IRR, 0.87; 95% CI: 0.72–1.05; p¼0.152); b) outpatient visits (IRR 0.26, 95% CI 0.14–0.47,p<0.001) declined 74% while ER visits declined 89% (IRR 0.11, 95% CI 0.04–0.32, p<0.001); andc) there was no change in inhaled corticosteroids use (IRR 1.03, 95% CI 0.90–1.16, P¼0.699) whileBeta-2 agonist use increased (IRR 1.32, 95% CI 1.10–1.58, P¼0.003).Conclusions:In a cohort of Ecuadorian children with asthma, health services attendancedecreased dramatically after COVID-19 lockdown, but asthma exacerbations and use of inhaledcorticosteroids were unchanged. Future analyses will address the question of the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on asthma exacerbations and control in this paediatric population.
Prevalence and risk factors for asthma, rhinitis, eczema, and atopy among preschool children in an andean city
(2020) Ochoa Avilés, María Cristina; Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Rodriguez, Alejandro; Cooper , Philip John; Andrade Tenesaca, Dolores Susana; Molina Cando, Maria Jose; Parra Ullauri, Mayra Alejandra; Parra Ullauri, Andrea; Mejía Coronel, Julio Danilo; Neira Molina, Vivian Alejandra; Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María
Background: Limited data are available on prevalence and associated risk factors for atopy and allergic diseases from high-altitude urban settings in Latin America. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of atopy, asthma, rhinitis, and eczema, and associations with relevant risk factors in preschool children in the Andean city of Cuenca. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken using a representative sample of 535 children aged 3-5 years attending 30 nursery schools in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. Data on allergic diseases and risk factors were collected by parental questionnaire. Atopy was measured by skin prick test (SPT) reactivity to a panel of relevant aeroallergens. Associations between risk factors and the prevalence of atopy and allergic diseases were estimated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Asthma symptoms were reported for 18% of children, rhinitis for 48%, and eczema for 28%, while SPT reactivity was present in 33%. Population fractions of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema attributable to SPT were 3.4%, 7.9%, and 2.9%, respectively. In multivariable models, an increased risk of asthma was observed among children with a maternal history of rhinitis (OR 1.85); rhinitis was significantly increased in children of high compared to low socioeconomic level (OR 2.09), among children with a maternal history of rhinitis (OR 2.29) or paternal history of eczema (OR 2.07), but reduced among children attending daycare (OR 0.64); eczema was associated with a paternal history of eczema (OR 3.73), and SPT was associated with having a dog inside the house (OR 1.67). Conclusions: A high prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema symptoms were observed among preschool children in a high-altitude Andean setting. Despite a high prevalence of atopy, only a small fraction of symptoms was associated with atopy. Parental history of allergic diseases was the most consistent risk factor for symptoms in preschool children.
Prevalencia de alergia alimentaria auto-reportada en adolescentes de Cuenca y Santa Isabel - Ecuador
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2016-09) Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María; Rodas, Claudia; Córdova, Diana; Zúñiga, Gabriela; García, Ana; Chávez, Ana Cristina; Ramírez, Patricia; Andrade, Susana
Food allergy (FA) is associated with the development of atopic diseases and anaphylaxis in adolescents. It was determined and compared among adolescents Cuenca and Santa Isabel: i) self-reported FA prevalence, ii) common food allergens and iii) self-reported atopic diseases. Crosssectional study was conducted in adolescents from Cuenca (n = 967) and Santa Isabel (n = 498) between July 2013 and July 2014. Data were collected through self-reported FA questionnaires. The prevalence of self-reported FA was 27.8% (Cuenca 31.5% vs. Santa Isabel 21.1 %; P <0.001). Additives were the major foods reported followed by the non-citrus fruits. 20.4% of adolescents who reported atopic diseases also reported suggestive symptoms of FA, while 7.4% of adolescents who reported suggestive symptoms of FA didn’t report atopic diseases (OR 3.39, 95% CI 2.6 to 4.4, P <0.001). In conclusion, self-reported additives and non-citrus fruits allergy were the most prevalent among adolescents in Cuenca and Santa Isabel. New foods usually not reported were identified. Adolescents with atopic disease were three times more likely to report FA than those who did not have atopic diseases.
Síndrome de intestino irritable en personal de enfermería de un hospital de Cuenca-Ecuador
(2021) Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; García García, Ana Angélica; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María; Chacón Molina, Jéssica Priscila; Cabrera Beltrán, Jennifer María
Irritable Bowel Syndrome in nursing staff at a hospital in Cuenca-Ecuador BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional-digestive disorder in health personnel, with significant repercussions on life quality, work, healthcare system and society. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of reported IBS and its subtypes in the nursing staffs' medical records of a public hospital, in Cuenca - Ecuador. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, descriptive study, with a randomized sample of nursing workers of Hospital Jose Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca- Ecuador; between June 2017 and April 2018. According to Rome III criteria, medical records were assessed looking for IBS diagnosis and the subtype. Finally, sociodemographic, occupational and psychological factors among the nursing staff was also described. RESULTS: Two-hundred and fourteen medical records were evaluated (average age: 38.7 ± 10.4 years, 95.3% women). A diagnosis of IBS was found in 7.0% (15/214) of the personnel evaluated. The most frequent IBS subtypes were undetermined (46.7%, 7/15) and mixed (26.7%, 4/15). Twenty percent of the nursing staff with IBS, had mental disorders diagnosis (anxiety, depression and/or dysthymia), the same percent worked shifts. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of IBS reported in the nursing staff medical records, in Cuenca- Ecuador was lower than expected (7%). The most frequent IBS subtypes were undetermined subtype, followed by mixed subtype.