Browsing by Author "Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa"

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Agencia de autocuidado y satisfacción laboral en médicos del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador, 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-01-13) Patiño Bravo, Valeria Emilia; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
The self-care agency in health professionals is a key mechanism to manage stressful events that can surround a public work context. The current pandemic has put health systems in check in terms of infrastructure, remuneration and equipment, which can affect the working conditions of doctors, their job satisfaction and their mental health in general. Therefore, the relationship between the self-care agency and the level of job satisfaction in physicians at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in the city of Cuenca will be developed, and each of the variables involved will be described separately. The research was quantitative, with a descriptive and correlational scope, the sample was random with the participation of 63 doctors. For the data analysis, the IBM SPSS 27 Software was acquired, the self-care variable was measured with the ASA Self-Care Agency Scale, while job satisfaction with the Job Satisfaction Questionnaire S20/23, the Cronbach's alpha of these instruments was .88 and .94, respectively. Finally, the results indicated a median positive relationship (r = .517) between self-care and job satisfaction, there were relevant for the dimensions of Personal Development and Personal Well-being in self-care while for job satisfaction in most dimensions there were tendencies to developed High, except for Benefits received and Physical environment, the importance of personal dispositions such as self-care in the disaggregated construct of job satisfaction is concluded
Análisis de las funciones ejecutivas en estudiantes de la Escuela General Básica Emilio Abad Aguilar en la ciudad de Azogues durante el periodo lectivo 2021-2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-01-17) Cajamarca Fárez, Julio Abel; González Ortiz, Karen Gabriela; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
The Executive Functions (EF) are a series of mechanisms involved in optimizing cognitive processes to guide them towards the resolution of complex situations. Furthermore, EF control and regulate behavior, which allows each student to execute actions and activities to build adequately their learning processes. The objectives of this research are to describe the profile of executive function development in students at the Emilio Abad Aguilar School in Azogues during the 2021-2022 school period, to describe the predominant subtest of the neuropsychological evaluation of functions executive functions in children and to determine the differences in the level of development of executive functions, according to the gender variable. The study was carried out using a quantitative methodology, with a descriptive scope, based on a non-experimental and cross-sectional design. It was used an inclusion and exclusion criteria to access a population of 65 students between 11 and 12 years old, for the measurement of the conceptual categories, the Neuropsychological Evaluation of Executive Functions in Children (ENFEN) was applied in person, which evaluates the level of maturity and cognitive performance in activities related to EF by applying four subtests. The results show that the neuropsychological profile was low, the students presented a higher performance in the Gray Trails subtest; in addition, no relevant difference was found in the results according to the sex of the participants.
Apoyo social ante una ruptura amorosa en jóvenes universitarios de la carrera de licenciatura en Psicología en la Universidad de Cuenca, durante el período marzo-agosto 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-10-25) Chacha Vele, Gabriela Elizabeth; Molina Calle, Johana Lizbeth; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
One of the most important relationships for young people is that of a couple, so the love breakup is a painful and stressful experience, even destabilizing their mental and physical health. Therefore, the objective was to describe the perception regarding social support in the face of a love breakup of young people belonging to the Bachelor's Degree in Psychology at the University of Cuenca. The study had a phenomenological approach, qualitative modality, since it allowed to build knowledge from the understanding and representation of the experiences of young people on social support in the face of rupture, an inductive method, since, it was based on individual perceptions, and conclusions were obtained about social support in the face of love breakup and with an exploratory scope because in the literature review no research has been found regarding the subject. A study group made up of 8 young people, who met the inclusion criteria, were selected through a survey using google forms, which contained questions, in order to obtain data from each participant. To obtain the information, the technique of semi-structured interview was applied. Among the main results, negative and positive consequences of the love breakup were found in the mental and physical health of the young people, since negative feelings and emotions were reflected. However, this event it is also an opportunity for learning, autonomy and personal growth. The results reflect that young people turn to their social networks that they consider important: family, friends and health professionals. It is concluded that social support positively influences coping with a love breakup, as it mitigates the negative effects on mood and contributes to psychological wellbeing, since it allows to satisfy needs that were unsatisfied by the love breakup.
Autoconcepto en adolescentes de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Dr. Camilo Gallegos Domínguez y Unidad Educativa José Benigno Iglesias del cantón Biblián, en el período 2020-2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-06-24) Calle Charro, Luis Angel; Gutiérrez Bustamante, Oscar Andrés; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
In the development of self-concept, both cognitive, affective and social processes intervene that cement the pillars of the normative changes that occur in the self-perceptions of adolescents, allowing them to develop behaviors, attitudes, achievements, failures, relationships with family and society. The general objective of the work is to describe the self-concept in high school adolescents from the “Dr. Camilo Gallegos Domínguez” and “José Benigno Iglesias Educational Unit of the Biblián canton according to sociodemographic characteristics, in the period 2020-2021. The specific objectives are to identify the predominant dimensions of self-concept and to identify the predominant dimensions of adolescent self-concept according to sociodemographic characteristics. The study has a quantitative, cross-sectional approach, a type of non-experimental design, a descriptive scope and a non-probabilistic sampling. We worked with a sample of 147 students from the three high school levels, applying through digital means in Google Forms the Manual Self-Concept Form AF5, authored by García and Musito (2014) and a sociodemographic file. The results obtained indicate that the participants present a high academic and physical self-concept, while the social, emotional and family dimensions show medium and low results. In relation to the sociodemographic variables, it was found that students who live with their parents and siblings have a high self-concept in the predominant dimensions, in the same way, students whose representatives spend between 31 to 40 hours per week at their job and students single, score with high self-concept in the predominant dimensions.
Control parental psicológico y violencia escolar en adolescentes del colegio Miguel Moreno de la ciudad de Cuenca en el período lectivo 2020-2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-04-19) Campos Castro, Camila Inés; Robalino Robles, Cinthya Alejandra; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
Psychological parental control as a parenting practice can manifest strategies that harm the adequate social and personal development of adolescents, preventing them from being autonomous, likewise school violence from this type of parental control generates aggressive behaviors of young people towards their peers. According to some research, the association of these conceptual categories shows problems in adaptation in the school environment, as parents become models that trigger behavior problems in adolescents. The objectives of this research were to relate psychological parental control and school violence in adolescents aged 15 to 18 years of the Miguel Moreno High School, identify actors of violence based on sex, age and school level and differentiate the types of psychological control of parents, based on the theoretical approach of Blatt's personality theory. To measure the conceptual categories, the Questionnaire for the Exploration of Bullying (CEBU) was applied in a virtual way, which identifies the actors in the dynamics of school violence and the Scale of Psychological Control oriented to Dependence and Self-criticism (DAPCS- S) that assesses the type of maternal and paternal control. The study was carried out using a quantitative methodology with a non-experimental design, with a correlational scope; a simple random sample of 103 students was used. The results show that there are more women who identify themselves as aggressors, in addition, no differences were found between psychological control oriented to the dependence of the father and mother, but there were differences between the psychological control oriented to the self-criticism of the parents. It is concluded that psychological parental control in its dimensions is associated with the different actors of violence, confirming the hypothesis of the study.
Estados afectivos de los niños y niñas escolares de la Unidad Educativa Ricardo Muñoz Chávez en Cuenca, periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-02-29) Lema Muñoz, Henry Marcelo; Quichimbo Zapatanga, Marco Eduardo; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
Affective states are persistent emotions sustained and expressed by an individual. Affect is composed of positive and negative factors related to the pleasure or displeasure that the person subject experiences throughout their life, mainly during childhood. The main objective of this research was to escribe the affective states in boys and girls of the Ricardo Muñoz Chávez Educational Unit during the 2022-2023 periods. This research was quantitative, non-experimental in design, and with a descriptive scope. We worked with a study sample of 144 children between 10 and 12 years old. We used the instrument “Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale for Children” (PANASN). The results obtained between the variables affective states and the family with which the child lives showed that participants who live with both parents present more positive affectivity. We found that individuals in the sixth year submit more positive affect than those in the seventh year. Likewise, 10- and 11-year-old children maintained more positive affect than 12-year-old children. Regarding the variable sex and affective states, significant differences were evident since men presented a higher percentage of positive affectivity and less negative affectivity than women. It concluded that boys and girls experience a positive affective state.
Estilos de crianza en niños de 2 a 3 años del programa creciendo con nuestros hijos (CNH) de la Parroquia San Joaquín.
(2018) Fárez Fárez, Verónica Alexandra; Salinas Pizarro, Jenny Augusta; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
The objective of this research is to describe the parenting styles used by mothers of boys and girls between 2 and 3 years of the Growing with Our Children CNH "Pequeños Traviesos" program of the San Joaquín parish. The study is quantitative, the sample is 60 people, 30 educators and 30 mothers. The questionnaire for parents "Socioeducational study of behavioral habits and trends in families with children in early childhood education" was applied as a research tool, the same one that was drafted by Dr. Susana Torio López, from the University of Oviedo, for her thesis Doctoral in 2003. The questions of the questionnaire that were considered to determine the styles of upbringing were those of section IV, attitudinal educational trends. According to the results obtained, it could be identified that 8 mothers presented a predominance of authoritarian parenting style, 12 mothers a permissive style and the 10 remaining mothers did not present a defined parenting style. In addition, a questionnaire of open questions was elaborated to know the perception that CNH educators have about the incidence of the program in the parenting styles used by mothers.
Estrategias de afrontamiento en madres adolescentes de entre 14 a 18 años de edad
(2016) Valverde Carreño, Sandra Elizabeth; Castro Castro, Miriam Cecilia; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
The research paper entitled: coping strategies in adolescent mothers aged 14 to 18 years old, held at the school Manuel J. Calle of Cuenca - Ecuador in 2015, the main objective was to determine the coping strategies using teenage mothers to conflict situations. This study is the focus of qualitative and quantitative research descriptive and included the participation of 10 adolescent mothers who attend the said school. The instrument used for data collection was the Adolescent Coping Scale ACS in general and specifically raised by Fydenberg & Lewis (1996); it consists of a questionnaire of 80 questions that asked about their concerns, conflicts or difficulties faced by young people.The information obtained determined that the type of coping strategy that predominates among teenage mothers investigated in the specific form, is worrying representing 8%, which is within unproductive coping style, in terms of the general strategies reaches a higher level, is to look on the positive with 9%, it belongs to a style of coping directed at problem solving.
Estudio comparativo de habilidades sociales en dos grupos de drogodependientes
(2017) Fernández Guartambel, José Antonio; Jara Bermeo, Johanna Priscila; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
The main purpose of the present investigation is to identify the levels of social skills in two different groups of drug addicts. It was achieved through a descriptive-comparative cut with a quantitative approach. The first group was conformed with those who have been hospitalized for less than three weeks, and the second one by those who were in the last three weeks prior to finishing the rehabilitation program. Another aim in this investigation was to define if there´s any significant differences between said groups. The total sample consisted of 57 male patients who were in 3 different rehabilitation centers in the city of Cuenca and that were between the ages of 18 and 40 years. The Goldstein Social Skills Checklist was used as the instrument to measure the social skills in the sample, resulting in no significant difference between the two groups. However, it was possible to conclude that the patients who were in the second group got better results in the scale.
Evaluación de la socialización en adolescentes
(2016) Montoya Villavicencio, Geovanna Patricia; Chávez Chávez, Carmen Rocío; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
The study is intended to determine the current state of development of social skills in the adolescents, taken as predominant the facilitator dimensions or inhibitors of socialization. With the help of the BAS Socialization battery, it was possible to apply a self-assessment to adolescents, as well as peer assessment by their parents, and teachers. The adolescents that participated in this research project were men and women between 14 and 15 years of age who were enrolled in the tenth year of General Basic Education in the Education Unit "Corel".The results indicate that adolescents' self-inhibitory dimensions of socialization stand against facilitators dimensions. It was also noted that parents and mothers differ in their perceptions with teachers. Parents are inclined towards an inhibitory appreciation against the socialization of their children while teachers perceive their social skills enabling students
Habilidades sociales en estudiantes ante la presencia o ausencia de violencia escolar en la Unidad Educativa Comunitaria San Roque de Cuenca, período 2020 - 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-05-28) Morocho Illescas, Martha Jessenia; Romero Martínez, Jhenifer Mercedes; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
Social skills are skills that facilitate interaction between individuals, allowing the development of appropriate behaviors, however, people do not always assume roles that allow them to have positive relationships and face the demands of their environment, which leads to them being immersed in problematic situations such as school violence. This work had as its general objective, to describe the social skills in students in the presence or absence of school violence in the Community Educational Unit San Roque de Cuenca, according to the sociodemograpichic variabless sex and level of schooling; specific objetives were raised, whether or not school violence was identified, and social skills identified in students who present and do not exhibit school violence. The study has a quantitative, cross-cutting approach, non-experimental design type and descriptive scope. Participants were students in the age range between 11 and 14 years; work was worked with the population of 50 students from 7th to 10th level of basic general education of the educational unit. The Nuns Social Interaction Skills Questionnaire, the Piñuel and Oñate Bullying and Violence Test and a sociodemographic token were used as data collection tools. Finally, the results show that participants present good management of social skills in all categories, both in the present and absence of school violence; however, in the absence of school violence, social skills scores are higher, since the attitudes and behaviors assumed by schoolchildren in this study allow them to relate optimally to their peers.
Insatisfacción corporal y autoestima en adultos emergentes y adultos tempranos que practican actividades físicas en la parroquia Jima, periodo 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Psicología, 2025-10-23) Pillacela Morocho, Nanci Marlene; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
Body dissatisfaction and self-esteem issues are significant challenges that can deeply affect emotional well-being, particularly during adulthood, a period marked by physical, psychological, and social changes that may impact mental stability. Engaging in physical activities such as sports or recreational pursuits is essential not only for maintaining health but also for fostering a more positive body image and greater self-acceptance. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body dissatisfaction and self-esteem among emerging and early adults who engage in physical activity in the parish of Jima. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational approach was used. Data were collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire and two standardized instruments: the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, administered to 132 men and women aged 18 to 40. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software. The results showed that most participants, both emerging and early adults, reported low levels of body dissatisfaction and high self-esteem, suggesting that engaging in any form of physical activity contributes positively to overall well-being. In conclusion, although no significant association was found between physical activity and higher levels of body image satisfaction or self-acceptance, regular participation in physical activities remains a key factor in promoting holistic well-being.
Insatisfacción de la imagen corporal en adultos tempranos varones de la carrera de Derecho de la Universidad de Cuenca en el periodo 2023 - 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-02-15) Cabrera Chuqui, Verónica Magaly; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
Male young adult body image dissatisfaction is a sociocultural phenomenon that has gained more attention recently due to the effect of male beauty standards, although it has remained largely unrecognized. The main objective of this study is to identify male young adults studying law at the University of Cuenca who are dissatisfied with their bodies. Determining the parameters of normative body discomfort and evaluating pathological body discomfort in this particular cohort of young male law students are the specific goals. This study uses a cross-sectional, quantitative, non-experimental methodology with a descriptive focus. With about 51 male students taking part, the sample was chosen using non-probabilistic convenience sampling, satisfying the inclusion requirements. The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), which measures the presence of body dissatisfaction, was modified for use in data collection. Additionally, a sociodemographic questionnaire. Following the acquisition of the dataset, Microsoft Excel and SPSS were used for a statistical analysis. The results indicate that young adult males do not exhibit body dissatisfaction. Additionally, individuals do not display abnormal physical discomfort, which helps to explain why their level of discomfort is within what is thought to be typical for the community. In conclusion, while not having any pathological bodily disorders, young adult male law students keep practices to maintain their appearance.
Inteligencia emocional intrapersonal y uso problemático de videojuegos en adolescentes de 14 a 16 años de la Unidad Educativa 26 de febrero del cantón Paute durante el período 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-03-01) Cuesta Pérez, Katherine Gabriela; Vanegas Jara, Adriana Renata; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
The bibliographic exploration allowed to identify the absence of investigations in the Ecuadorian territory, particularly in Azuay, that address the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and the problematic use of video games in adolescents; situation that constitutes a research gap that needs to be solved, since it opens the possibility that solutions are not proposed to possible disorders or addictions among young people. Faced with this reality, the present study proposed as a general objective: to correlate the problematic use of video games with the scores of the perceived intrapersonal EI dimensions, in adolescents from 14 to 16 years old, in the Educational Unit 26 de Febrero of the Paute canton, period 2022. For this, a quantitative approach methodology, correlational scope, non-experimental design and cross-sectional design was designed. The CERV and TMMS 24 instruments were appliedto a non-probabilistic sample, where 150 students who were in the 10th grade of Superior Basic General Education and the first and second years of high school participated, in the Educational Unit February 26 of the Paute canton. . The results processed in SPSS version 26, reflected a level of problematic use of 4.7% of the total participation. Regarding the EI dimensions, it was found that, in emotional attention, 50% have adequate attention; in emotional clarity, 62% should improve; while in emotional repair only 44% present an adequate level of emotional repair. Regarding the correlation of the variables studied, no significant correlation was found.
Síndrome de burnout y variables sociodemográficas en educadores de niños/niñas con y sin necesidades educativas especiales en instituciones de Cuenca, en el período 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-07-24) Gárate Rodas, María Paula; Uyaguari Guartatanga, Paulette del Cisne; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
Burnout Syndrome is a response to chronic stress in the workplace, since they work with groups of students who demand more attention. Several studies have shown that it can affect mental health, quality of life and even put it at risk, whose main features are emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased personal performance. The general objective of this research was to describe burnout according to sociodemographic characteristics in educators of children with special educational needs and educators of regular children in institutions of the city of Cuenca in the period 2022-2023. The study had a quantitative approach with descriptive scope, non-experimental design, and cross-section. This research had 60 educators belonging to the Carlos Crespi Educational Unit (30), Center for Integral Development and Organizational Training CEDICA (7) and the Institute of Cerebral Palsy of Azuay IPCA (23) and the instruments that were applied, were the sociodemographic record and the Maslach Burnout Inventory Educators Survery Questionnaire (MBI-ES). The results showed that the levels of burnout in teachers of children with special educational needs are higher than teachers of regular children and it was the male sex who presented higher levels of burnout in relation to the dimension of emotional exhaustion compared to women, finally, older teachers presented less burnout.