Browsing by Author "Cuji Galarza, Wendy Dayanna"

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Corrección del morfema OMO en la terminología anatómica. Revisión bibliográfica
(2022) Cuji Galarza, Wendy Dayanna
Introduction: the International Anatomical Terminology (IAT) has compiled and standardized the anatomical terms for their unequivocal use, but sometimes these standards are not fully met. Among the existing inconsistencies is the use of “scapula” or “shoulder blade”.Objective: to analyze the terms in which the morpheme “omo” has been used erroneously, and to suggest the appropriate terminology.Methodology: the words containing the morpheme “omo” were looked up in the IAT. The meaning of “scapula” and “omóblado” was consulted in Latin, Greek, and medical dictionaries.Results: the terms “scapula”, from Latin, and “omóplato”, from Greek, are translated into Spanish as ‘hombro’ (shoulder). In Spanish medical dictionaries, “escápula” is etymologically defined as ‘upper part of the back’; and “omóplato”, as ‘flat part of the shoulder’. In the IAT, the following terms were identified: “M. omohioideo”, “triángulo omoclavicular”, “triángulo omotraqueal” and “ganglio yugulo-omohioideo”. Discussion: the correct anatomical term is “escápula”. The omohyoid muscle should be called “escapulohioideo” (scapulohyoid); the omoclavicular triangle, “triángulo supraclavicular” (supraclavicular triangle); the omotracheal triangle, “triángulo muscular anterior del cuello” (anterior muscular triangle of the neck); and the jugulo-omohyoid node, “ganglio yugulo-escapulohioideo” (jugulo-scapulohyoid node). These corrections only apply for Spanish. Conclusions: to unify the terminology, the structures containing the morpheme “omo”, of Greek origin, should use the Latin prefix “scapulo”, or use a descriptive terminology about their anatomical position.
Prevalencia de la mutación del gen KRAS y características asociadas en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal atendidos en el Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA Cuenca entre 2018 y 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-08-18) Cuji Galarza, Wendy Dayanna; Deleg Galarza, John Baltazar; Bravo Muñoz, Marx Italo
Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer globally, and the second leading cause of mortality. In Ecuador, it ranks fourth in incidence and third in mortality. KRAS mutation is the most frequent (45%) in colorectal cancer. Prevalence studies are scarce in Ecuador, hence the need for them. Objective: To determine the prevalence and characteristics associated with KRAS gene mutation in patients with colorectal cancer treated at the SOLCA Cuenca Cancer Institute between 2018 and 2022. Method: An observational, analytical, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted at the SOLCA Cuenca Cancer Institute. The study population included all patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer who underwent a KRAS detection test between 2018 and 2022. Results: A total of 152 patients were included, with 52% being women; the mean age was 62.01 years, and 78.3% were over 50 years old; 63.2% of the patients originated from Azuay province, and 70.4% resided there; KRAS mutation was present in 68 out of 152 cases (44.7%); the most common clinicalpathological stage was IV A (18.4%); the most frequent primary tumor location was in the rectum (34.9%); a higher frequency of KRAS mutation was evidenced in tumors of the descending colon (p=0.030). Conclusions: The prevalence was within the range established by the literature, and there was no association between age, sex, residence, origin, or clinical stage. However, an association was found between KRAS mutation and localization in the descending colon. study. Additionally, an association with clinical and sociodemographic factors is expected.
The role of microbiota in ALS pathogenesis and progression: a literature review
(2023) Cuji Galarza, Wendy Dayanna; Cabrera Jara, Paúl Sebastián; Abril Ortiz, Pedro José; Machado Orellana, María Gabriela; Orellana Paucar, Adriana Monserrath
Introduction In recent years there has been a great interest in investigating the intestinal microbiota and its role both in healthy people and in various pathologies. This has given rise to the concept of the gut-brain axis, where the relationship between the microbiota and neurological pathologies, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, whose pathogenesis is still unclear, is studied Development This review provides an overview of the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Conclusions There is evidence of the role of the modulation exerted by the microbiota on the immune state as well as its direct effects on the CNS.
What was the participation of Latin authors in TOP journals in internal medicine during 2021? A brief bibliometric analysis
(2023) Cuji Galarza, Wendy Dayanna
In the field of medical scientific research and publication, there are few Latin American countries whose production is remarkable, although not comparable to that of high-income countries. The lack of investment for innovation is recognized as the main cause. Despite this, there are Latin authors who are making their contribution to the scientific heritage with high-quality studies.1 But how much participation do Latin authors have in research published by TOP internal medicine journals? Answering this question is part of the actions to achieve the current goals set by academic medicine regarding scientific development of low- and middle-income countries.2 A bibliometric analysis was carried out based on the information available on the journals in the TOP five belonging to the subject area and category: internal medicine; according to the Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR), in order to assess the participation of Latin authors during the last year (2021) in articles published in internal medicine journals with the greatest impact worldwide, according to 2020 metrics. The journals analyzed were selected based on SJR indicator, H index according to Scopus, highest percentile according to Scopus and H5 index according to Google Scholar: JAMA Internal Medicine (SJR: 5.140), Annals of Internal Medicine (SJR: 3.839), Hypertension (SJR: 2.986), Journal of Internal Medicine (SJR: 2.625) and Journal of General Internal Medicine (SJR: 1.746). Metrics and data on the number of published articles, participating authors, Latin authors and publications according to typology were extracted. The considered typology of publications for classification was: original articles, reviews (narrative, systematic and meta-analysis) and other types (any other type of manuscript, e.g. letters to the editor). The participation of collaborative groups was not considered.