Browsing by Author "Chuqui Mainato, Cristian Joseph"

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El perfil de la víctima y el tipo de delito como condicionantes de la no denuncia: Implicaciones para las políticas victimológicas
(2021) Machado Arévalo, María Antonia; Arias Pallaroso, Francisco Alexander; Chuqui Mainato, Cristian Joseph; Ramírez Chica, Andrés de Jesús; Sucozhañay Calle, Dolores Catalina
Latin America reveals the highest rates of non-reporting of crime worldwide, even more so in countries like Ecuador where non-reporting is recorded in 80% of criminal events. Studies on victims and non-reporting are still scarce and have focused on victimization rates; in addition, there is a theoretical gap on non-reporting from its primary causalities. This study analyzes it from the observation of the socio-demographic profile of the victims and the type of crime perpetrated as influencing factors. Using quantitative research methods, the III Survey of Victimization and Perception of Citizen Security of Cuenca, Ecuador, 2016 was analyzed, which shows a profile of a victim who does not report linked to exclusion, poverty and inequities and a pattern of less reported crimes in thefts, robberies and extortion, factors that must be recognized in order to focus victimological public policy efforts.
El rol de la riqueza y la educación sobre el riesgo de sobrepeso y obesidad: análisis para el Ecuador mediante las encuestas ENSANUT para 2012 y 2018
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-09-20) Chuqui Mainato, Cristian Joseph; Vanegas Espinosa, Tania Sofía; Segovia Sarmiento, Joselin Katerine
According to figures from the World Health Organization, overweight and obesity have almost tripled worldwide since 1975. In the face of the alarming situation, in this paper we study the independent and combined effects of wealth quintile and level of education on the risk of overweight and obesity. For this, we use the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) for 2012 and 2018. Using probability models, we find that wealth constitutes an obesogenic factor, while the level of education generates a protective effect. The interaction of these factors showed that this protective effect is greater in the high wealth group, therefore, people in this group who have better levels of education are less exposed to this pathology. In addition, the risk of suffering from this condition increases with age, being a woman, living in an urban area, being in a relationship, and belonging to the Coast region and Galápagos. In addition, the indigenous ethnic group is the one with the lowest prevalence of overweight and obesity in the country. Given these findings, we conclude that the country is at a stage where the social distribution of overweight and obesity affects the high wealth group and shows no signs that this situation is reverting to the low wealth group. Finally, we suggest that public policies should focus on the formation of healthy habits in people, and not so much on restrictive policies on the supply side that have not achieved the desired success over the years.
Stress Testing al sistema financiero ecuatoriano: un marco de simulación estocástica para evaluar la fragilidad financiera de las entidades de la economía popular y solidaria
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-07-16) Chuqui Mainato, Cristian Joseph; Mansilla Ibañez, Franco Andrés
We study the financial fragility of 43 entities in the cooperative sector in Ecuador from 2018 to 2024 through stress testing, combining microprudential and macroprudential approaches to assess the risk of solvency default. Using dynamic panel analysis and Monte Carlo simulations, we examine the effects of macroeconomic shocks, such as GDP contraction, decreased interest rates, falling oil prices, increased country risk, and the interaction of GDP with the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that cooperatives with high nonperforming loans and high operating costs present a risk of solvency default close to or greater than 90% in stress scenarios. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of designing differentiated regulatory policies for cooperatives and suggests the inclusion of a governance index as an additional factor for future simulations and systemic risk assessments.