Browsing by Author "Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique"

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Alteraciones anatómicas del conducto nasopalatino en pacientes dentados y desdentados en el sector anterosuperior utilizando tomografía computarizada de haz cónico
(2019) Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Abril Cordero, Luz Marina; Palacios Vivar, Diego Esteban; Abril Cordero, Maria Fernanda; Sibri Quizhpe, Cristina Belen
Background: The nasopalatine canal (NPC) is a long and thin intraosseous passage present in the anterior midline of the maxilla that connects the palate with the floor of the nasal cavity. The objective of the study was to compare the measures of nasopalatine duct and its shape by cone beam tomography in dentate patients with respect to edentulous patients in the frontal anterior sector. Materials and methods: descriptive and comparative study, was taken from the files of the Imagenology Department 150 tomographies of anterosuperior dentate patients and 52 tomographies of edentulous in the frontal anterior sector. Unsing the Excel program and its tool “random”, 30 tomographies of dentate patients were selected as well as the 30 tomographies of edentulous. Were measured in the oblique sagittal plane the anteroposterior distance of the nasopalatine canal at the level of its upper, middle and lower third. To determine its height, the axial plane was taken from the level of the upper bifurcation to the palatal opening. The acquisition of images was done through the i-Dixel software of the 3D Accuitomo 170 MORITA, DICOM system. Results: the dentate patients present higher heights in relation to the edentulous patients. In edentulous patients the diameter have a larger size at the NPC channel level. The measurements at the lower, middle and upper levels in the cortices of the diameter of the NPC in dentate patients are lower in relation to the edentulous patients. Conclusion: Patients of 40 to 70 years old, male and female, with frontal anterior edentulism presented structural topographic variations that consist of greater width, smaller longitudinal dimension and larger transversal dimension being enlarged canals.
Analgesia multimodal postoperatoria en cirugía ortognática
(2015) Viteri Leon, Octavio Enrique; Dávila Cordero, Ulises; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique
Objectives: To evaluate postoperative analgesia effi cacy in undergoing orthognathic surgery patients. Material and methods: Prospective, randomized and observational study of 30 patients undergoing orthognathic surgery at the Rio University Hospital, Cuenca, Ecuador, in the period from July to September 2012 with patients aged between 17 and 40 years old. The protocol was performed as follows: general anesthesia, settling in trans-surgery ketorolac (0.9 mg/kg/dose) dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg/ dose) ondansetron (0.1 mg/kg/dose) tranexamic acid 10 mg/kg/dose. Infi ltrated through the surgery team lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine to 2% in the maxilla and mandible. We measured the intensity of postoperative pain through verbal analog scale (VAS). Results: The results in pain relief assessed by VAS in postoperative is under 3/10 points. Conclusions: We found adequate control of postoperative pain in our patients without requiring additional opioid drugs.
Análisis comparativo entre las técnicas de medición manual-tradicional y digital de los espacios intercanino e intermolar en modelos de estudio
(2016) Bravo Guapisaca, María Isabel; Criollo Romero, Mónica Andrea; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Bravo Calderón, Manuel Estuardo
Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare manual - traditional and digital measurement techniques for analysis of intercanine and intermolar spaces. The study models of 27 patients in the Orthodontic Department of the School of Dentistry at the Universidad de Cuenca were used to determine whether or not the two evaluation techniques were coincidental at the time of measurement. Materials and methods: A physical and a digital model of each of the 27 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were used from the files between March 2013 and October 2015. The manual-traditional analysis was performed using a digital caliper Mitutoyo 500-196-30. The digital analysis was done with diagnostic software NemoCast 3D models. The SPSS 19.0 program was used to study the data. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test was used to determine normality, consequently the Student T–Test was applied. The researchers involved in the analysis had previous training on standards and work manuals for the appropriate handling of a digital caliper and a digital scanner. Results and conclusions: The results of the measures are: the manual - traditional intercanine measurement space is 0.642 and digital intercanine measurement space is 0.684, while manual - traditional intermolar measurement space is 0.770 and digital intermolar measurement space is 0.640 ; these results obtain a nonsignificant difference of 0.717 intercanine space and 0.130 intermolar space; this verifying the hypothesis that is no difference between measures of intercanine and intermolar spaces obtained from manual - traditional and digital techniques
Análisis estético dentofacial: base de la terapéutica en deformidades faciales
(2018) Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Abril Cordero, Luz Marina; Recendez Santillán, Norith De jesús
The analysis and diagnosis of dentofacial alterations is the basis of the surgical orthodontic treatment of facial skullmass, facial deformities from a functional approach to a esthetics through clinical and technological tools such as imaging studies: cephalometric, cone beam tomography and stereolithographic models. The study of the facial aesthetics of the human being has been developed since antiquity based on the classic canons, which have marked as standard in the collective subconscious, the greek standards as the standard norm of facial beauty and that do not always coincide with all ethnic groups as in the case of Ecuadorian society. The present work intends to give to the student of pre and post of our means a methodology to approach the complexity of the aesthetic analysis dento facial coupling the classic interpretation to our multiculturalism.
Artículo Original Estudio comparativo del grado de deformación de elásticos intermaxilares 3/16 fuerza mediana de varias marcas comerciales "in vitro".
(2018) Barragan Ordoñez, Andres Eugenio; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Carrion Sarmiento, Marco Vinicio; González Yaguana, Jhander Jhon
The purpose of this study was to determine the of deformation of the intermaxillary elastics 3/16 Medium degree of the three commercial houses (GAC©, Ormco© and American Orthodontics©) and compare among them to know which one has the greatest loss of strength in 24 hours. The study included 24 samples, divided in three groups of eight elastics each one for manufacturer house. These were subjected to elastic stretch intervals of 6 hours from its original length to 19 mm, the force used was unit gr / f. A mechanism manufactured was used to simulate the intermaxillary elastics traction in the oral cavity. The values obtained were entered into a database and subjected to statistical analysis using the ANOVA test. The stretching results obtained were GAC© 202.33 ± 37.22 gr/ f. Ormco© 207.97 ± 28.13 gr / f and American Orthodontics© 209.19 ± 28.74 g / f . Although the tests showed different values of forces in the 3 groups. The American Orthodontics© leagues were the most resistant, followed by Ormco© and GAC© leagues. This study did not show values after statistical significant difference among the three groups.
Artrocentesis de la articulación temporomandibular: indicaciones, técnica, resultados y justificación
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2013-11) Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Bravo Torres, Wilson Daniel
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain is a predominant symptom in patients with temporomandibular disorder, and a common cause of chronic orofacial pain. Arthrocentesis of the upper joint space proved to be effective in reducing TMJ-related pain and reestablishing normal mandible range of movement in patients diagnosed with a ‘closed lock". This study describes the diagnostic of the TMJ disorders, indications of arthrocentesis, surgical technique and outcomes. In addition, it presents several case studies evaluated after almost 2O years of the evolution of arthrocentesis.
Comparación entre CBCT y panorámica para evaluar relación del seno maxilar y dientes posteriores maxilares
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-09-28) Gavilanes Barbecho, Adriana Doménica; Herrera Albarrazin, Evelyn Gissella; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique
Objective: To provide the dentist with an objective analysis of the radiographic methods useful to evaluate the relationship between the roots of the maxillary posterior teeth and the maxillary sinus. Methodology: We carried out an integrative review of the literature, we used 23 articles published in English from the last twelve years, within the PubMed database and a manual search aggregate. Results: After using our inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 23 articles were chosen for the elaboration of this literary review and one book. Discussion: During certain dental procedures in the upper jaw there is a risk of injuring the maxillary sinus, it is important to radiographically evaluate the patient before performing any procedure. Although panoramic radiographs are inexpensive and offer us the necessary visualization to detect the relationship of the upper posterior teeth with the maxillary sinus, there are cases in which these images are not totally accurate and a CBCT study is required. Conclusion: The panoramic image is useful for the analysis of the roots of the teeth and the maxillary sinus as long as the teeth do not move towards the sinus, but the CBCT image is incomparable in terms of its accuracy in the position of the different structures. However, for the final decision, is important factors such as: dental piece to be evaluated, sex and age, the price of each study, radiation dose and the need depending on each case.
Comparación entre CBCT y panorámica para evaluar relación del seno maxilar y dientes posteriores maxilares
(2022) Gavilanes Barbecho, Adriana Domenica; Herrera Albarrazin, Evelyn Gissella; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique
Objective: To provide the dentist with an objective analysis of the radiographic methods useful to evaluate the relationship between the roots of the maxillary posterior teeth and the maxillary sinus. Methodology: We carried out an integrative review of the literature, we used 23 articles published in English from the last twelve years, within the PubMed database and a manual search aggregate. Results: After using our inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 23 articles were chosen for the elaboration of this literary review and one book. Discussion: During certain dental procedures in the upper jaw there is a risk of injuring the maxillary sinus, it is impor tant to radiographically evaluate the patient before performing any procedure. Although panoramic radiographs are inexpensive and offer us the necessary visualization to detect the relationship of the upper posterior teeth with the maxillary sinus, there a re cases in which these images are not totally accurate and a CBCT study is required. Conclusion: The panoramic image is useful for the analysis of the roots of the teeth and the maxillary sinus as long as the teeth do not move towards the sinus, but the CBCT image is incomparable in terms of its accuracy in the position of the different structures. However, for the final decision, is important factors such as: dental piece to be evaluated, sex and age, the price of each study, radiation dose and the need depending on each case
Contaminación micótica en pacientes portadores de próstesis removibles
(1995) Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Paredes, Gloria
Correlación de la base del cráneo con el patrón facial y la posición sagital de los maxilares
(2014) Toledo Jaramillo, Diego Fernando; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Bravo Calderón, Manuel Estuardo
The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of cranial base with the facial pattern and the sagittal position of the jaws. Ninety lateral cephalometric radiographs were selected from Ecuadorian adolescents of Azuay province with mean age of 14 years, of both genders. The anatomical design, landmark demarcation, tracing and the measurement of planes and angles were manually performed. Next, the Ricketts VERT index was used to determine the facial pattern, and the sample was distributed in three groups: (1) mesofacial, (2) dolichofacial and (3) brachyfacial. The SN and SBa planes, and the SNBa and SN-PoOr angles were the cranial base measurements considered for the analysis. While the measurements of the sagittal position of the jaws used were the SNA and SNB angles. No correlations between the cranial base variables and facial pattern were observed. However, there were significant negative correlations of the SNBa angle with SNA (r= -0.441, p=0.000), SNB (r= -0.438, p=0.000), and the SN-PoOr angle with SNA (r= -0.63, p=0.000), SNB (r= -0.647 p= 0.000), and between the SN plane and the SNA angle (r= -0.231; p=0,029). There was no correlation of the SN plane with the SNB angle, neither of the SBa plane with the SNA and SNB angles.
Correlación de la base del cráneo con el patrón facial y posición sagital de los maxilares en adolescentes de la provincia del Azuay
(2013) Toledo Jaramillo, Diego Fernando; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique
The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of cranial base with the facial pattern and de sagital position of the jaws. Ninety lateral cephalic radiographs were selected from Ecuadorian adolescents of Azuay province with mean age of 14 years, of both genders. The anatomical design, landmark demarcation, tracing and the measurement of planes and angles were manually performed. Next, the Ricketts VERT index was used to determine the facial pattern, and the sample was distributed in three groups: (1) mesofacial, (2)dolichofacial and (3) brachyfacial. The SN and SBa planes, and the SNBa and SN-PoOr angles were the cranial base measurement considered for analysis. While the measurements of the sagittal position of the jaws used were the SNA and SNB angles. No correlations between the cranial base variables and facial pattern were observed. However, there were significant negative correlations of the SNBa angle with SNA (r= -0.441, p=0.000), SNB (r= -0.438, p=0.000) and the SN-PoOr angle with SNA (r= -0.63, p=0.000), SNB (r= -0.647 p= 0.000), and between the SN plane and the SNA angle (r= -0.231; p=0,029). There was no correlation of the SN plane with the SNB angle, neither of the SBa plane with the SNA and SNB angles
Descripción de técnica de osteotomía subapical en el tratamiento de deformidad mandibular postraumática
(2017) Viteri Luzuriaga, Luis Arturo; Palacios Vivar, Diego Esteban; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Miranda Villasana, José Ernesto; Torres Cruz, Yonatan Josué
Post-trauma deformity after a complex trauma fracture or mishandle is not an often situation and represents a challenge for health professionals who treat the facial area. Treatment begins with a preand post-trauma radiographic interpretation, clinical assessment and measurement of study models. The aim of treatment is to recover function, aesthetics and correction of the facial sequel. The treatment plan for this condition may be orthodontic, surgical, rehabilitation or a combination of these. Several surgical techniques to correct maxillary deformities have been described. The most common osteotomies are at body, ramus and alveolar level. This article presents the case of a patient with right alveolar mandibular deformity as a consequence of an inadequate management of facial trauma re-treated with a subapical segmental osteotomy and cortical release to move the alveolar nerve.
Determinación anatómica del conducto mandibular en la población adulta de la Clínica de Cirugía de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca.
(2014) Jimbo Cazar, Ana Cristina; Pesántez Coronel, Amanda Isabel; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Hermida Muñoz, Juan Guillermo
This study supports the anatomical determination of the Mandibular Canal on adults of the Clinical Surgery, in University of Cuenca. This study has big importance considering the location of the Canal in the performance of some surgical procedures such as collocation of dental implants, osteotomies, osteogenic distraction and the reduction of fractures and complicated extractions avoiding injuries to the mandibular nerve. In addition we determined the relation of the Mandibular Canal with some mandibular teeth 3.8-4.8, 3.7-4.7, 3.6-4.6, 3.5-4.5, 3.4-4.4, 3.3-4.3, with the gender of the patient, the ramus mandibular and also with some bone structures such as the vestibular wall, the lingual wall, with the alveolar crest and the basal ridge. The study’s sample was 50 adults of the Clinical Surgery of University of Cuenca. Patients were in age of 18 to 35 years who meet the inclusion criteria. The study used the Cone Beam system to obtain the width, the height and the spatial relationship of the mandible. Once we obtained the tomography, the study continued with the digital analysis; to determine the statistical outcomes and prepare the final report.
Determinación anatómica del conducto mandibular en población adulta
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2016) Jimbo Cazar, Ana Cristina; Pesántez Coronel, Amanda Isabel; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Guillén Guerrero, Paúl Fernando
The present study supports the anatomical determination of the mandibular canal in adults of the Surgery Clinic ofthe Faculty of Dentistry ofthe University of Cuenca, this study has big importan- ce considering the location of the Canal in the performance of some surgical procedures such as collocation of dental ¡mplants, osteotomies, osteogenic distraction and the reduction of fractures and complicated extractions avoiding injuries to the mandibular nerve. The objective of the present study is to determine the location of the mandibular canal in relation to structures of importance in adults of the surgery clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Univer- sity of Cuenca. The study’s sample was 50 adults of the Clinical Surgery of University of Cuenca. Patients were ¡n age of 18 to 35 years who meet the inclusión criteria. The study used the Cone Beam system. In the results, in the man the dental apex closest to the mandibular duct was of the molar 4.8, as in the woman, with respect to the posterior edge of the branch in men was a distance of 18,196 mm and in the woman of 16,177 mm. In the literatura is well documented the injury to the inferior dental nerve by the proximity of the ápices of the third molars with this nerve, in this study is coincided with this, since the ápices of the third molars are the closest to the inferior dental nerve.
Determinación de estándares cefalométricos de las diferentes etnias de Ecuador
(2016) Piña Cortés, Victor Alejandro; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Miranda Villasana, José Ernesto; Bravo Calderón, Manuel Estuardo
Cephalometry with lateral skull radiography is a routine diagnostic method in orthodontic and maxillary orthopedic practice that under the metric problems and previously established proportions, establish an important part of the diagnosis in skeletal cephalic alterations called dentofacial deformities; The criteria specified above correspond mostly to the measures taken by Caucasian individuals, so it does not coincide with the exact average of the measures of the rest of the ethnic groups. Through this study, a representative sample of the Ecuadorian population, with its different ethnicities, was taken to establish the arithmetic mean of its craniofacial measures and proportions, so that it is counted on the one that represents the normality of each representative ethnic group of Ecuador . The estimate of the population sample consists of 30 individuals by ethnicity from 18 to 30 years of age, without previous aesthetic, reconstructive and / or craniofacial symptoms, maxillary orthopedic appliances, traumatic or syndromic sequelae diagnosed. This population will perform a lateral skull x-ray that will then be quantified with Ricketts Cephalometric analysis by means of Dolphin® software, obtaining through arithmetic average statistical tools and standard deviation of measurements and proportions by ethnic group with the program SPS®; The ethnicities to study will be: white, mestizo, Afro-Ecuadorian and indigenous.
Diagnóstico, prevalencia y manejo de la asimetría facial asociada a la Hiperplasia Condilar
(2015) Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Piña Cortés, Víctor Alejandro; Bravo Calderón, Manuel Estuardo; Miranda Villasana, José Ernesto
Estilos de afrontamiento de padres de niños con fisura labio-alveolo-palatina en los Andes Centrales del Ecuador (Cuenca-Ambato)
(2025) Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Pinos Gavilanes, María Paz; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola; Lucio Bravo, Miriam Alexandra; Quito, María Paz
Estudio comparativo del grado de deformación de elásticos intermaxilares 3/16 fuerza mediana de las marcas Gac, American Orthodontics y Ormco “In Vitro”
(2013) Barragán Ordoñez, Andrés Eugenio; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique
The purpose of this study is to compare, determine the degree of deformation of the rubber bands, in our environment, the distributors of commercial houses that distribute intermaxillary elastics not provide a technical and scientific support for their management (1). Studies describe that materials made from latex undergoes changes in its properties, influenced by weather, storage conditions, light, etc., so that there is no information on the degree of deformation of the same, therefore it is necessary to evaluate them in orthodontic mechanics to effect treatment. (2) Finds that the experience forces elastic mouth for daily use factors exist such as saliva and the pH can alter the initial force applied to the spring. Therefore it is important to determine the biomechanical qualities of elastics. In our country the lack of variety of brands, predisposes us to use dubious brands, where the results of our treatments may be affected. A study was conducted in vitro using a machine with eight sensors, to determine the degree of elastic force of each of the marks intermaxilar GAC DENTSPLY, ORMO SYBRON and AMERICAN ORTHODONTICS and at 24 h intervals through 6, 12, 18 and 24 h, applying the method of analysis of variance to determine if there are differences between this marks
Infección del seno maxilar por escherichia coli: revisión de la literatura y reporte de caso
(2015) Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Miranda Villasana, José Ernesto; Palacios Vivar, Diego Esteban; Cedillo Orellana, Sara Ivanna
The maxillary sinus foreign body is a frequent consequence of accidents in dental treatments. These unfortunate events are due to the close relationship of the root tips of posterior teeth relative to the floor of the maxillary sinus. Extruded endodontic materials can act essentially as foreign bodies and potentially can lead to various pathophysiological responses. Not always produce reaction, in some cases are asymptomatic, and kept only under observation. The microorganisms isolated in patients with sinusitis of odontogenic origin differ from non-odontogenic, its predominant by anaerobic bacteria. The present case refers to accidental displacement of gutta-percha cones to the maxillary sinus; together with the presence of communication oroantral allow entry and colonization of Escherichia coli, an aggressive and rare bacteria in this location. For therapeutic treatment we did an approach through the oroantral communication, and prescribe the sultamicilin as the antibiotic.
Labio congénito doble. Reporte de casos y revisión bibliográfica
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2010-07) Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique
The congenital double lip is a rare anatomical condition, occurs most often in the upper lip at the lower, produ- cing aesthetic changes, the speech and mastication, in the sufferer. We have treated two cases of congenital double lip, one for aesthetic reasons and the other one forfunctional reasons; no one ofthe patients developed postoperative complication such as half labial constric- tion. Were resolved by elliptical incisión technique, with satisfactory aesthetic and functional results