Volúmen 35 No . 1 (2017)

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Browsing Volúmen 35 No . 1 (2017) by Author "Mosquera Vallejo, Lorena Elizabeth"

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    Características de la tuberculosis en pacientes con sida en los hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso, Isidro Ayora y Teófilo Dávila en el periodo 2012-2014
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Maldonado Farez, Vanessa Estefanía; León Cajamarca, Santiago Andrés; Ochoa Muñoz, Javier Fernando; Mosquera Vallejo, Lorena Elizabeth
    OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of tuberculosis in patients with AIDS in the Vicente Corral Moscoso, Isidro Ayora and Teófilo Dávila Hospitales during January 2012 and December 2014. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive and retrospective investigation was carried out, clinical records information was obtained, and patients with HIV / AIDS were included in the Vicente Corral Moscoso, Isidro Ayora and Teófilo Dávila Hospitals during January 2012 and December 2014. Patients whose records were incomplete were excluded. Data were collected on a form and processed using the SPSS V 22.0 program using absolute frequency, percentage and measures of central tendency. RESULTS: A total of 95 cases of tuberculosis were diagnosed in patients with HIV / AIDS from which the 83.2% (79 cases) corresponded to Teófilo Dávila Hospital. The majority were diagnosed in 2012 (38.9%). The most frequent age group was 16-30 years (41.1%), the male sex (78.9%) and the place of residence the Province of El Oro (85.2%). The most cases were pulmonary tuberculosis with (74.7%), a 36.8% of patients had a diagnosis time of 1 to 2 years and 93.7% had no history of contact with people with tuberculosis. In the cases of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, bacilloscopy was used as the main diagnostic criterion, with 41.4% and 78.6%, respectively. The 29.3% had positive bacilloscopy results and 6.4% had a positive culture result. As for the clinical diagnostic criteria presented cough 47.4%, weight loss 31.6%, asthenia 30.5%, diaphoresis 22.1%, and poor general condition 13.7%. In addition, CD4 values were observed, with a mean of 234.64 and viral load with an average of 134 494.93 copies. A mortality of 32.6% was evidenced during the three years studied. CONCLUSIONS: There was a greater frequency of tuberculosis- HIV / AIDS co-infection at the Teófilo Dávila Hospital. Young and male patients were the most affected. The smear microscopy is the most used diagnostic method and the mortality associated with this pathology is high.
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    Prevalencia de depresión y factores asociados en los estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca. 2014
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2017-04) Solórzano Bernita, Rosa Elizabeth; Pacurucu Castillo, Saúl Francisco; Mosquera Vallejo, Lorena Elizabeth
    Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression and associated factors in students from the Medical Faculty in the Catholic University of Cuenca 2014. METHODOLOGY: It was a cross-sectional analytical study. The universe was 1373 students enrolled in Medical Faculty in the Catholic University of Cuenca. The sample was about 195 students obtained randomly and with a confidence interval of 95%. The Hamilton Test and a socio-demographic form were used for data collection. The information collected was analyzed in the program SPSS version 15.00 and as statistical measures we used frequencies, percentages, OR, 95% CI and p value <0.05. Results: The group had the following demographic characteristics: mean age 21.6 ± 3.1 years, women 59%, men 41%. Single people 82%; people from the highland 80%. A prevalence of depression was identified in 47.7% (95% CI 41-55%), with mild depression predominating in 33.8% (CI 27-40%). It was established that the female sex was associated with depression with an OR 0.378, 95% CI 0.209-0.684, p = 0.001. With the other factors, there was no statistical significance. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression in medical students from the Catholic University of Cuenca is around 50% and it is associated with the female sex.