Volumen 31 No. 1 (2013)

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Browsing Volumen 31 No. 1 (2013) by Author "Alvarez Serrano, Marlene Elizabeth"

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    Neuromielitis óptica, enfermedad de Devic
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2013-04) Alvarez Serrano, Marlene Elizabeth; Vanegas Bravo, Marcia Alexandra; Andrade Peñaloza, Andrea Vanessa
    Introduction: The main reservoir of Staphylococcus aureus is human nostrils. It is known that nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus are at increased risk of 3-6 fold greater risk to get infections from this germ. In its variety methicillin resistant shows itself as one of the most important hospital pathogens. Objective: To determine the prevalence of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in hospital personnel and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Cuenca 2010. Method: It is a cross-sectional design carried out in Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital and División III Ejército Tarqui. The studied population was composed by 150 people who work in intensive care units, neonatology wards and operation rooms. Samples were collected by nasal swab, transported in Stuart's medium, cultivated on blood agar and mannitol agar. We performed Gram stain, catalase test, coagulase, DNase and it was performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the disc diffusion method. We made a descriptive statistical analysis for a better understanding and interpretation of the data. Results: 55 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from the tested crops. The prevalence was 37%. The most colonized personnel was the neonatology staff with 39%. Most carrying was observed in medical personnel with 50%.They were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and vancomycin 100%; cefoxitin 94,55; gentamicin 90,9%; clindamycin 89%; tetracycline 87,3%; erythromycin 49,1%; 18,2% penicillin. Conclusion: 37% of hospital staff was nasal carriers of S. aureus, being potential spreader. The antimicrobial susceptibility of this microorganisms decreased compared to methicillin.
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    Prevalencia de portadores nasales de Staphylococcus aureus en el personal del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso y Hospital Militar, patrón de sensibilidad antimicrobiana. Cuenca, 2010
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2013-04) Alvarez Serrano, Marlene Elizabeth; Alao Maza, Mónica Alexandra
    Introduction: The thyroid gland is a hormone-producing organ that plays an important role in metabolism. The classification TIRADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System) gathers ultrasound scan patterns to differentiate between benign and malignant nodules in a better way, this means a better selection of patients who need surgery and cytology studies. Objectives: To validate the ultrasound classification- TIRADS in patients with thyroid disease who undergo ultrasound for evaluation of thyroid gland in Cuenca, Ecuador. Materials and methods: This validation study of diagnostic test, analyzed the thyroid pathology through ultrasound scan in relation to cytology as a gold standard with thin needle aspiration puncture technique. Results: We studied 860 patients, 710 women and 150 men. Validation values in this study were: sensitivity 97,87%, specificity 72,32%, 30,26% positive predictive value, negative predictive value 99,64%, Youden test 0.70, positive likelihood ratio of 3.54 and negative likelihood ratio of 0.03. Conclusions: TIRADS classification is a highly sensitive method that can be used in imaging services in the studied hospitals.