Nutrición y Dietética

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/268

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 24

Análisis calórico de la dieta enteral artesanal del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso.2016
(2017) Bautista Vélez, Priscila Elizabeth; Guzmán Palacios, María Belén; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
BACKGROUND: The Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital has been using the Traditional Enteral Diet made with typical ingredients of the region in a 2:1 ratio compare with commercial formulas which represents lower costs for the institution. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the energy density and the percentage of adequacy of macronutrients and measure the calories of the Traditional Enteral Diet which is prepared at the Food Service Area of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. METHODS: The present study is a descriptive study with a prospective longitudinal cut using quantitative variables which allowed us to calculate the macronutrients, the caloric intake, the percentage of adequacy and the energy density of the Traditional Enteral Diet of the Hospital. The universe was 202 rations of enteral diets corresponding to the period between November 21 to December 20, 2016. The data obtained were entered in the Microsoft Excel 2010 platform for the calculation of nutritional values of the diet and elaboration of tables. The average of the 30 rations was obtained through the statistical program SPSS V.22. RESULTS: The percentage of adequacy of each ration had the following percentages: proteins 85.35%, fats 63.22%, carbohydrates 28.45% and total calories 44.31%. The energy density per serving showed a 45%. CONCLUSIONS: The values obtained showed a deficit of macronutrients and total calories per serving. Per meal times, it is shown that only the amount of protein is adequate for lunch and dinner
Análisis de bioseguridad en servicio de alimentación Unidad de Negocio Hidropaute. CELEC-EP, noviembre-diciembre, 2016
(2017) Abril Hinojosa, Sandra Karolina; Avila Morales, Johanna Elizabeth; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino; Auquilla Díaz, Nancy Eulalia
Principal Objective Analyze the biosecurity norms during the acquisitions, storage, washing, preparation y distribution processes of de alimentation’s service from the Public Empress CELEC – Central Paute – Molino, 2016. Methodology This research is a descriptive quantitative study, which was made in Ecuador’s electric corporation Empresa Pública – Central Paute – Molino, CELEC – EP, with a universe conformed by 50 people whom work inside the alimentation’s service. To run this project, we applied check list made by ourselves, based in the BPM and the Public’s Health’s Ministry’s manual. The obtained information was analyzed by tabulations made in Microsoft Office Excel. Results By the end of every single step of the process of preparation and alimentation service, we were able to observe that the service presented an accomplishment of 95% in acquirement, 56,5% storage, 86,2% cleaning and disinfection, 69,8% preparation and a 94% in distribution, getting a total accomplishment average of 76,21%, being the biggest weakness the humidity and temperature control, but having a 100% in the electric installations, flues of water, food transportation y personal behavior
Determinación del estado nutricional en relación con el consumo alimentario en escolares de las unidades educativas Santa Marianita de Jesús y Víctor Manuel Albornoz del cantón Cuenca en el período lectivo 2018-2019
(2019-07-04) Carbo Ordoñez, María José; Paredes Delgado, María José; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Abstract: A child’s nutrition during their school years is of utmost importance in order to avoid malnutrition and the appearance of mineral deficiencies, this nutrition guarantees proper developments through healthy habits. General Objective: To determine how socio economics and food intake affect proper nutrition in school zones in Cuenca, Ecuador. Methodology: This is a descriptive study. We worked with two school districts in Cuenca, with a total of 90 participants. In order to collect the information, surveys were used about nutritional intake using anthropometric measures. To analyze the data obtained for the tabulations we needed to use EPIDAT version 4.2, Microsoft Word, and Excel. Results: According to the nutritional survey, we can determine that 4 out of every 10 kids face problems with malnutrition. This is also correlated with the child’s socioeconomic status where the school with the lowest economic gross has a (25.1%) deficiency, and the wealthier school a (8.5%) deficiency. This is reversed when speaking of weight gain and obesity. Wealthier schools have a higher tendency for this. Conclusion: It is of utmost importance to teach the public of healthy nutritional intake in school children in order to avoid malnutrition and other deficiencies.
Eficacia del tratamiento nutricional en pacientes con obesidad del Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso
(2017) Araneda Cabrera, Karla Paola; Córdova Moreno, Claudia María; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino; Cajas Palacios, Margarita del Pilar
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of nutritional treatment of obese patients aged 20 to 64 years old who attended the Nutrition and Dietetics outpatient clinic at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital from April 2014 to April 2016. METHODOLOGY: This was a descriptive, longitudinal, and retrospective study that evaluated the weight loss of obese patients who attended the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital outpatient clinic for 12 uninterrupted monitoring sessions between April 2014 and April 2016. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study population consisted of 40 cases, out of a total of 1974 clinical records reviewed. The data collection was done using a digital database in Microsoft Excel 2010 and the results were analyzed in SPSS software statistics version 18. RESULTS: Women between 40 and 59 years old made up 87.5% of the study population. At the start of the study, 55% of cases were classified as Grade III obesity, 32.5% as Grade II obesity, and 12.5% as Grade I obesity. At the end of the study, 40% were classified as Grade III obesity, 22.5 % as Grade II obesity, and 30% as Grade I obesity. The remaining 7.5% of patients became classified as overweight. CONCLUSION: Nutritional treatment was effective (loss of ≥10% of initial weight) for 52.5% of the cases and ineffective for 47.5%. It was shown to be more effective in the female population, from the Sierra (mountains), from the urban area, and from ages 21 to 49 years old
Estado nutricional y perfil lipídico en los docentes de la Unidad Educativa Miguel Merchán Ochoa
(2017) Bernal Campoverde, Adriana Judith; Bravo Espinosa, Katherine Elizabeth; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino; Cañar Lojano, Hugo Aníbal
General Objective To evaluate the nutritional status and lipid profile of the teachers at Miguel Merchán Ochoa in Cuenca 2016. Methodology This investigation is a descriptive, prospective study of transversal court that was made at Miguel Merchán Ochoa with the newspaper "Universo" conformed of 71 teachers. An anthropometric study (weight, height, waist, and hips circumference) was made and biochemical tests have been made of the lipid profile in a laboratory at the ambulatory attention center No. 302 at the Ecuadorian Social Insurance Institute registering the data in a form that were digitalized in the SPSS version 18 program and for the Microsoft Excel 2013 program. Results The population was conformed by 69% of the feminine gender and 31% of the masculine gender being prevailed by 76% of overweight and obesity and only 23.9% of the teachers were within the normal standards. Cardiovascular risk was found by 80% and 77% respectively in the waist circumference in both of the feminine and male gender indicating that the distribution of android fat is predominant in men by 73% while ginecoide fat is predominant in women by 53%. In dyslipidemias the most frequent is mixed by 59%, high density cholesterol (HDL) was present by 48 % at a low level and low density cholesterol (LDL) with 52 % at a high level within the population studied
Evaluación del consumo de fibra dietética en adultos que acuden al Centro de Salud Carlos Elizalde en el periodo agosto 2024 - enero 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-07-28) Arízaga Peláez, John Sebastián; Loja Aucay, Erick Xavier; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Adequate dietary fiber intake is essential for digestive and metabolic health; however, in many countries, fiber intake is insufficient. There are differences in fiber consumption according to sex and age, which can influence the health status of the adult population. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate dietary fiber consumption in adults attending nutritional consultations at the Carlos Elizalde Health Center. A descriptive observational study was conducted on a sample of adults attending nutritional consultations, excluding pregnant women, people with gastrointestinal diseases, and those who consume fiber supplements. A questionnaire on the frequency of consumption of foods containing fiber and the Photographic Food Portion Manual were used to estimate daily fiber intake. Based on these instruments, the average fiber consumption in the study population was determined to be 24.9 g/day. It was observed that men had a higher consumption than women. In terms of age groups, adults aged 22 to 28 had the highest fiber consumption, while the 50 to 64 age group had the lowest intake. The results reflect variability in fiber consumption according to sex and age, highlighting lower consumption in women and older adults.
Fibra dietética y su función en la prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares en adultos: revisión sistemática cualitativa
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-09-21) Rojas Crespo, María Dolores; Tapia Barros, Jenny Katherine; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent a major public health problem worldwide in terms of morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization presents some strategies for their prevention, one of them is to adopt a healthy diet, which includes an adequate consumption of dietary fiber, since it has a beneficial role in the reduction of serum LDL cholesterol levels, one of the main factors for the development of CVD (1,2). General Objective: Determine which are the benefits for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in adults with adequate consumption of dietary fiber, through a qualitative systematic review. Methodology: A qualitative systematic review of articles of primary source on dietary fiber and its role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in adults was carried out. Results: Through the first investigation 1,348 articles were registered and applying eligibility criteria, a total of 33 bibliographic sources were used. As a result of the analysis and evaluation of the quality of the scientific evidence (GRADE scale), a total of 4 potential articles were obtained for the preparation of the present qualitative systematic review. Conclusions: Dietary fiber, especially soluble fiber, has the ability to prevent ailments and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases since it is related to the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and therefore with the decrease in plasma levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL), without significantly affecting high density lipoproteins (HDL) and triglycerides; thus improving the serum lipid profile due to the participation of fiber on the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, which is associated with the production of cholesterol.
Hábitos alimentarios y su influencia sobre el estado nutricional en escolares de la Unidad Educativa Particular Latinoamericano y Escuela de Educación Básica Manuela Cañizares, Cuenca 2018 - 2019
(2019-04-30) Matute Vázquez, Diana Mariela; Tixi Romero, Luis Marcelo; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
BACKGROUND: The current prevalence of diseases related to food is a subject that needs urgent intervention, thus avoiding the development of chronic non communicable diseases in the future. OBJECTIVE: To determine dietary habits and their influence on the nutritional status of children of school age from 9 to 12 years of the Latin American Individual Educational Unit and Manuela Cañizares Basic Education School, Cuenca 2018 - 2019. METHOD AND TECHNIQUES: Descriptive cross-sectional study, with a population of 90 children from 9 to 12 years old. The techniques used were; anthropometric evaluation and food survey. For the data analysis, Microsoft Excel 2013 and EPIDAT 4 version 4.2 were used. RESULTS: 48.8% of the population had a regular eating habit, 27.7% had a bad eating habit and 23.3% had good eating habits, giving similar data for both sexes. The prevalence of normal nutritional status was 48.9% and the percentage of children with overweight, obesity and thinness was 51.1%. The prevalence of nutritional status according to sex was higher in girls with overweight 33.3%, low weight and obesity is higher in children with 15.4% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: It was evidenced that the consumption of foods considered as healthy, is below the recommended, while, the consumption of foods considered as unhealthy, are above the established. It is observed that as food habits change from regular to bad the percentage of children with overweight and obesity increases
Hábitos alimentarios, estado nutricional de los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Manuel Córdova Galarza. 2016
(2017) Alvarado Tinoco, Mónica Valeria; Barros Barros, Adriana Patricia; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino; Vintimilla Rojas, Daniela Alejandra
OBJECTIVE: To determine the eating habits and nutritional status of the students of the Manuel Córdova Galarza Educational Unit, in the Baños parish. Cuenca, 2016. METHODOLOGY: This research project was a cross - sectional descriptive study, with a population of 320 students aged 15 to 18 years and a random sample of 170 students. The technique used to assess the nutritional status was weight, height and body mass index. The growth curves for adolescents of the Ministry of Public Health (based on WHO growth patterns) and the Food habits was applied a food survey taking as a model the KIDMED questionnaire. For the data analysis and tabulation, the statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 and Microsoft Excel 2013 were used. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 170 students, who were 52% female and 48% male, 75.3% of whom presented normal nutritional status; 10% thinness; 11.2% overweight and 3.5% presented obesity. 87% of adolescents had inadequate eating habits, while only 13% of adolescents showed adequate eating habits. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the students (75.3%) had an adequate nutritional status, however a high percentage of adolescents (87%) had inadequate eating habits. Overweight predominated in females (16%) and obesity was higher in males (4.5%). Likewise, students aged 15 to 16 had a higher percentage of overweight and obesity (68.4% and 31.6%, respectively). Adolescents aged 15 to 16 years and male presented a higher percentage of inadequate eating habits (61.2% and 87.6% respectively)
Influencia de la ingesta alimentaria en el estado nutricional de escolares de las Unidades Educativas: La Asunción y Zoila Aurora Palacios del Cantón Cuenca, 2018-2019.
(2019-04-24) Ortiz Barros, Lizbeth Pamela; Abad Pineda, Silvia Paola; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Background: School age is a crucial stage in the nutritional field, because children acquire eating habits, which will determine their nutritional status. The change in food intake has meant moving from a diet with a predominance of natural foods to a diet with low nutritional intake, which, together with a sedentary lifestyle, has led to a rapid increase in malnutrition problems. Objective: To determine the influence of dietary intake on the nutritional status of school children between the ages of 9-12 in the Educational Units: La Asunción and Zoila Aurora Palacios del Canton Cuenca. Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study in school boys and girls of the Educational Units: La Asunción and Zoila Aurora Palacios del Canton Cuenca. 98 schoolchildren of both sexes were evaluated; their food intake by frequency of consumption and nutritional status through the body mass index (weight / height ratio), waist circumference, triceps and subscapular folds. Results: There is a higher prevalence in the male sex of overweight and obesity with 29,6%. In relation to food intake, the total population does not comply with the recommendations for consumption of water, fruits, vegetables, bread, legumes, dairy products, meats, juices and / or soft drinks, fast food, sweets, salty snacks and cakes. The male sex and school children who are overweight and obese have the lowest consumption of vegetables (0,93 average / day) and water (2,57 average glasses / day). Conclusion: Dietary intake has a negative influence on the nutritional status of school children in the La Asunción and Zoila Aurora Palacios del Canton Cuenca Educational Units.
Influencia de los factores socioeconómicos y hábitos alimentarios en el estado nutricional de los estudiantes de la Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética de la Universidad de Cuenca, período marzo - julio 2020
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-10-08) Paredes Guanuche, María José; Guerrón Pérez, Poleth Izabella; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Background: Socioeconomic factors and eating habits influence the nutritional status of students, altering the quality of the diet. This alteration can be reflected either with a deficit or an excess of nutrients, which leads to an alteration of the metabolism, intervening in the academic performance of the students. Objective: To determine the influence of socioeconomic factors and eating habits on the nutritional status of the students of the Nutrition and Dietetics Degree at the University of Cuenca, March - July 2020. Methodology: A total of 92 students between 18 to 26 years old who studied Nutrition and Dietetics at the University of Cuenca was used. The techniques used with the students were: the application of surveys, used to establish their socioeconomic level and to know their eating habits; and anthropometric measurements were also taken to determine their nutritional status. For the analysis of the data, the Microsoft Excel 2013 and EPIDAT 4 version 4.2 programs were used. Results: The normal nutritional status of the students was 69.57% and 30.43% with malnutrition due to excess and deficit. Regarding the socioeconomic level, it was obtained that 43.48% belong to the typical middle class (C +), the rest are divided between the upper class (A), upper middle (B) and lower middle (C-); normal nutritional status prevailed in all the strata. In relation to eating habits, it was obtained that the majority of students need changes in their diet, specifically 72.83%. Conclusions: The factor that has the greatest influence on the nutritional status of students is the eating habits, comparing them with socioeconomic level, since it depends on other factors to affect the nutritional status.
Influencia del entorno social en la alimentación de los adolescentes del colegio “César Dávila Andrade”, Cuenca diciembre 2018- abril 2019.
(2019-06-26) Carpio Condo, María Belén; Garzón López, María José; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Background: A sufficient, balanced, complete and adequate diet for a harmonious and integral individual development, as well as the importance of achieving correct eating habits in the adolescent, which is marked by the influence of family, friends, and The different social media communication having a negative or positive impact on them. Objective: Determine the influence of the social environment on the feeding of adolescents at the "César Dávila Andrade" school in the city of Cuenca. Methodology: This is an observational, descriptive study conducted in the period of December 2018 - April 2019 at the "César Dávila Andrade" school in the city of Cuenca. A survey was applied to 142 students chosen by the simple random probabilistic method. Results: A prevalence of a normal nutritional status was found in 76.76% of the sample, secondly 16.20% is underweight and 4.93% is overweight. advertising messages do influence 90.14% in adolescents, predominantly in the female gender with 50.70%, and 39.44% in the male gender. Conclusions: The adolescents of the César Dávila Andrade School prevail in the normal nutritional state, therefore, they are in an adequate state of health, according to their nutrition and food.
La obesidad como predictor de severidad en pacientes adultos con COVID-19: revisión sistemática.2020
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-06-02) Garcia Campoverde, Johana Elizabeth; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Background: The type 2 coronavirus, which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome that is abbreviated as SARS-CoV-2, constitutes the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which is currently considered a pandemic since it has affected 192 countries, this pathology can present with different degrees of severity (mild, moderate and severe). On the other hand, obesity is one of the factors that has shown the most association in relation to the greater severity of COVID-19, for this reason it was decided to carry out the present systematic review. Objectives: To describe the relationship between obesity with the severity of COVID-19 in adult patients. Methods: It is a systematic review carried out through the following medical search engines: Pubmed, Scopus, Elsevier, Latindex, Redalyc, Hindawi and academic Google, with the keywords: "COVID-19", "Coronavirus", "SARS -Cov2 "," coronavirus disease "," Complications "," Severity "," Obesity "," BMI "," mortality "," inflammation caused by obesity ", "Moderate, severe, mild disease", oriented through Boolean connectors such as "AND" and "OR", the selection time studies time were between 2019 and 2021, the results were summarized in a proposed data matrix. Results: A total of 30 articles were evaluated, with samples that ranged between 33 and 515,090 patients with Covid-19, reporting that the mean gender distribution was 54.82% for males and females. 45.18%, according to age, the average was 58.59 years, 47% of the studies reported that obesity was a factor associated with the severity of Covid-19 cases, in the same way, the 30% indicated that the mortality of the patients was associated with obesity. Conclusion: a relationship between obesity and mortality due to Covid-19 was evidenced in 30% of the articles reviewed, for which it is essential that more studies of this type will be carried out in order to evaluate the behavior of this evidence throughout the pandemic developed by this virus.
Mal nutrición como factor agravante en la enfermedad COVID-19 “SARS COV-2” en pacientes con enfermedades no transmisibles: revisión sistemática
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-09-24) Sarmiento López, Paola Cristina; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Background: the severity of COVID-19 has been related to older age, some ethnicities and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and malnutrition either due to deficit or excess, which can influence the immune system. General objective: to expose whether malnutrition behaves as an aggravating factor in the disease covid-19 "SARS COV-2" in patients with non-communicable diseases. Materials and methods: systematic review in which the following search engines were used: Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, Hindawi, Latindex and academic Google using keywords and Boolean operators, in the same way the possible limitations of each work were considered to avoid biases of some type and its methodological quality was evaluated, studies published between 2020 and 2021 were analyzed. Results: 12 publications met the selection criteria, handling samples between 49 and 1,378,002 people with a mean age of 59.21 years. The nutritional status had a mean BMI greater than 25 kg / m2 for the most severe cases, increasing the risk of severity when exceeding 30 kg / m2 and in malnourished patients, the most frequent comorbidities were: hypertension, diabetes and obesity, in 7 of the articles reviewed found a statistical association between malnutrition and severity due to COVID-19. Conclusions: some studies found that malnutrition was associated with a greater severity of COVID-19 cases in patients with other associated comorbidities. Limitations: limited bibliography that includes patients with comorbidities and the behavior of malnutrition as an aggravation of COVID-19.
Manejo nutricional a pacientes con fibrosis quística atendidos en el Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso de la ciudad de cuenca en el periodo 2015- 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-10-11) Burneo Coronel, Gabriela Estefanía; Castro Banegas, Daniela Katherine; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Background: Worldwide, cystic fibrosis represents a fatal disease, present in 1 in 2,500 individuals. This descriptive study analyzed the nutritional management of patients with CF treated at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Regional Hospital in the city of Cuenca. Objective: To describe the nutritional management of patients with cystic fibrosis attended at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Regional Hospital in the city of Cuenca in the period 2015- 2021. Methodology: The descriptive study was carried out based on anonymized data of 51 CF patients, and descriptive statistics were developed to obtain values that would allow finding analysis trends. Results: The age group with the highest prevalence of patients with cystic fibrosis was 0-4 years, corresponding to 25.5%, followed by 21.6% between 5-12 years and finally, 19.6% between 18-26 years. In relation to sex, there is a prevalence of 51% for males and 49% for females. Nutritional treatment is mostly based on a hyperproteic diet and of these 31% of the cases receive supplementation. Conclusions: An adequate nutritional treatment is one of the fundamental pillars to avoid decompensation or future complications in patients with cystic fibrosis, in this way we can determine that the dietary-therapeutic treatment is directly related to the nutritional status and varies based on the individual needs and requirements of each patient and the symptoms of the disease.
Prevalencia de anemia en pacientes gestantes adolescentes que acudieron al Centro de Salud Totoracocha de Cuenca en el año 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-10-18) Pauta Vázquez, Ana Karina; Días Jumbo, Erika Yomaira; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Background: Anemia among pregnant adolescents represents a public health problem. Iron levels in the blood are related to lifestyle, which includes the type of diet. Objective: To determine the prevalence of anemia in pregnant adolescent patients who attended the Totoracocha Health Center in Cuenca in 2022. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study. The sample was 128 pregnant adolescent patients, calculated with the SPSS software. The data was collected using a pseudonymized database provided by the Health Center, first it was transcribed into a data collection form, then the data was migrated to an Excel table and finally to the SPSS free version software for processing and analysis. Results: The average age was 16.9 years, the nutritional status indicated a total of 57 adolescents (44.5%) with normal weight, 31 (24.2%) with overweight, and 28 (21.9%) with low weight. 42.2% of pregnant adolescents presented anemia according to the hemoglobin level. A significant statistical association was found between hemoglobin level with age (p<0.001), educational level (p<0.001) and nutritional status (p<0.001). The hematocrit level was significantly associated with residence (p=0.001), but no statistical significance was found with the variable age (p= 0.006) or nutritional status (p=0.006). Conclusions: The age, educational level, nutritional status and place of residence of pregnant adolescents significantly influence the presence of anemia, for which it is necessary to increase institutional and educational efforts on this factor.
Prevalencia de anemia y factores asociados en embarazadas que asistieron al Centro de Salud tipo C Nabón, período enero-diciembre 2020.
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-10-07) Balvoa Pomavilla, María Mercedes; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Worldwide the prevalence of anemia during pregnancy affects 48.1%. In Ecuador, 46.9% of pregnant women suffer from anemia due to physiological changes during pregnancy and nutritional deficiency. Its importance is due to the fact that 50% is due to iron deficiency. Objectives To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and associated factors in pregnant women who attended the Nabón Type C Health Center, period January - December 2020. Methods Transversal descriptive and prevalence study, based on the medical records of pregnant women. Sociodemographic and clinical data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel and Epi Dat 4.2; prevalence analysis was performed using statistical methods. The analysis of the association of variables was determined by means of: prevalence ratio, confidence index. Results The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women who attended the Nabón type C Health Center, year 2020, was 32.7%, with mild anemia being prevalent with 23.6%, followed by moderate anemia with 9.1% and with no cases of severe anemia. Conclusions According to the population, the prevalent sociodemographic characteristics were: age range from 25 to 34 years 11 months, nutritional status of overweight and/or obesity, multipregnant, rural residence, first trimester. There was no association of anemia with women younger than 19 years, first pregnancy and normal nutritional status.
Prevalencia de desnutrición crónica en infantes menores de 2 años atendidos en el Centro de Salud 28 de Mayo (Yacuambi), en el año 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-14) Romero Zapata, Sonia Lisbeth; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Background: In Ecuador, Chronic Malnutrition is one of the Public Health problems due to its high prevalence, being 20.1% in the year 2023 (ENDI), affecting 1 in 4 children in our country currently and ranking among the first places in Latin America and the Caribbean after Haiti (20.4%) and Guatemala (42.8%). Objectives: Determine the prevalence of chronic malnutrition in infants under two years of age who attended the (28 de Mayo) health center belonging to Yacuambi canton in Zamora Chinchipe, in 2023. Methodology: The descriptive, quantitative study with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design was applied. The sample was taken from 126 infants under two years of age treated at the center, a number obtained through the sample size calculation formula for finite populations. Data was collected using a pseudoanonymized database, tabulated in Microsoft Excel 2016, and migrated to the free version of SPSS statistical software for processing and analysis. Results: Of the total number of infants, 24.6% had CIM (19.8% moderate CIM and 4.8% severe CIM), and 30,2% were at risk of short stature. Of the total number of CIM cases, 74.2% were in the age range of 12 to 23 months. Conclusions: Chronic malnutrition in infants is directly related to the age range of the infant. Therefore, it is necessary to increase efforts in food education and nutrition projects aimed at this population.
Prevalencia de obesidad en mujeres de 20 a 64 años en el Centro de Salud del cantón Chordeleg, en el periodo enero de 2015 a diciembre de 2016
(2018) Vélez Martínez, Ana Belén; Narváez Castillo, Jorge Esteban; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
BACKGROUND: Some risk factors of the female sex increase the prevalence of obesity, maintaining a healthy weight helps preventing diseases. A proper nutritional intervention is crucial to prevent and treat this disease. GENERAL AIM: Determine the prevalence of obesity in women between 20 and 64 years of age of the Chordeleg health center during the period January 2015 to December 2016. METODOLOGY: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out; data were collected from 150 women between 20 and 64 years of age who attended the Chordeleg Health Center. With a format sheet, data from the clinical histories were collected for the creation of a statistical base. RESULTS: 78.67% of women presented type I obesity. The group of women aged 40 to 49 years showed a higher prevalence of type I obesity (22.67%). In relation to concomitant diseases, 10.67% of women with type I obesity have arterial hypertension. In the rural area obesity prevailed in general (55.3%) compared to the urban area (44.6%), in relation to the type of obesity, type I was presented in greater proportion (46.67%). Type I obesity occurred predominantly in women who completed primary education (32.67%) and decreased as schooling increased. CONCLUTIONS: The preventive treatment of obesity is deficient, although some cases are more relevant than others, all should be treated timely, since this disease has personal, family and economic consequences for the country.
Prevalencia de obesidad en pacientes de 40 a 60 años con diabetes mellitus tipo ii de la consulta externa del Hospital Moreno Vázquez en el período 2020
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-06-02) Delgado González, María Paz; Peralta Pauta, Ana Patricia; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Background: Obesity is a disease with a high rate of morbidity and mortality, similar to type II diabetes mellitus. Worldwide, 650 million individuals suffer from obesity and in Ecuador there are 64.6% of adults aged 19 to 59 years, it is estimated that 425 million people suffer from type II diabetes mellitus and 5.5% of the Ecuadorian population suffers from it. (1, 2) Objectives: To determine the prevalence of obesity in patients aged 40 to 60 years with type II diabetes mellitus in the outpatient clinic of Hospital Moreno Vázquez in the period 2020. Methods: It is a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study through structured review of information from the database of the health unit. The tabulation was done using the SPSS 15 free version program, and it was presented in tables and simple and association graphs using frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables, mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables and to measure the association of variables, the calculation of chi square with p < 0.005 will be used. Results: A prevalence of obesity was found in patients aged 40 to 60 years with type II diabetes mellitus relative to 1 in 100 patients. The majority of patients, present type I obesity, 50%, the most represented sex is female, and in the diagnosis of complications, ophthalmic and renal complications are present with 16.6%, respectively. Conclusions: According to the study population, the majority are female, residing mostly in urban areas, with a nutritional status of overweight and obesity. The most frequent complications are ophthalmic and renal. In relation to the chi-square association, no relationship was established between the degree of obesity, sex and diagnosis of complications

Browse

Browsing Nutrición y Dietética by Author "Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino"