Fonoaudiología-Pregrado

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/258

Browse

Browsing Fonoaudiología-Pregrado by Author "Alcalá Aristimuño, Yralis Juanita"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Análisis acústico de la voz en docentes jubilados de la Unión Nacional de Educadores – Núcleo del Azuay, 2024 - 2025
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-11) Pinos Neira, Freddy Paul; Alcalá Aristimuño, Yralis Juanita
    This descriptive quantitative study focused on the evaluation of the voice of retired teachers: individuals vulnerable to vocal pathologies due to factors associated with age and their profession. With 60 participants from the National Union of Teachers in Azuay, population characteristics and levels of acoustic disturbance in the voice were analyzed using Praat software. 65% were males and 35% were females; most of them aged 60-74 years old with a teaching career of 30 to 39 years. The findings showed that, although 96.7% did not use harmful substances, 63.3% ate acidic foods and 51.7% did not hydrate properly, 85% were not exposed to harmful environmental factors or faced adverse emotional situations, but 33.3% perceived vocal difficulties and did not seek treatment. The acoustic analysis showed significant alterations in the Shimmer values in 66.6% of the cases. Results show the prevalence of vocal alterations in this population, related to unhealthy habits and lack of awareness about the importance of vocal care. Therefore, it is essential to implement preventive and awareness-raising strategies to improve vocal health in retired teachers, even though there is currently limited research on this subject in this age group.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Estado auditivo de adultos mayores en el Centro Auditivo Audifon de Macas, periodo septiembre 2024-febrero 2025
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-04-14) Gómez Tacuri, Katherine Alexandra; Alcalá Aristimuño, Yralis Juanita
    Hearing is a complex process that requires the participation of various anatomical structures that play an important role in the perception of sounds. However when there is an alteration in any of them, it causes hearing loss, which is common in older adults due to aging. Several studies confirm that the prevalence of hearing loss increases with age, causing negative impacts on communication, cognitively and on mood. For these reasons, this descriptive study details the hearings status of the older adult population through threshold tonal audiometry that provided information on the type of heating loss and the prevalence on hearing in the city on Macas, Objective: To determine the haring status of older adults at the Audifon Hearing Center in the period September 2024. February 2025. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in the population aged 65 to 99 years who attend the Audifon Hearing Center by collecting data with a form, otoscopy and audiometry. The results were analyzed in SPSS version 22 software, using tables and percentages. Results: Of the 60 users evaluated the male sex predominated with 53.3% according to age range, 70- 74 years predominated with 28.3%. 26.7% of patients have high blood pressure and 11.7% have diabetes mellitus; these data allow us to know the hearing status of the city of Mcas. Conclusions; There is higher percentage of users with moderate bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Fatiga vocal en docentes de las escuelas de educación básica de la Coordinación Zonal 6 del Cantón Cuenca en el periodo escolar 2023 – 2024
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-04-08) Tuza Naula, Ismael Alejandro; Alcalá Aristimuño, Yralis Juanita
    Voice fatigue is a common problem among teachers, resulting from the extensive and continuous use of their voice in their daily work, thus increasing the risk of developing vocal disorders such as dysphonia. According to research by Dr. Roy et al., 47% of teachers suffered from chronic dysphonia, with vocal fatigue being one of the leading causes. This thesis aimed to evaluate the perception of voice fatigue and its associated factors by applying the Voice Fatigue Index (VFI) questionnaire to teachers in the Elementary Education schools of Regional Coordination Zone 6 of the Cuenca canton. Using a descriptive and quantitative approach, the VFI questionnaire was administered to a group of 75 teachers whose responses were statistically analyzed to obtain accurate information about the signs and symptoms of voice fatigue in this population. The results revealed that most teachers consulted present symptoms of voice fatigue, manifesting alterations in their recovery process and even laryngeal functional problems. These findings made it possible to formulate specific recommendations for each participant and laid the foundations for future research in this area.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Medidas de perturbación de la voz en docentes de la Unidad Educativa “Antonio Ávila Maldonado” de la ciudad de Cuenca, en el Periodo 2023-2024
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-04-11) Pinos Aguilar, María Belén; Bravo Lucero, Michelle Carolina; Alcalá Aristimuño, Yralis Juanita
    In the context of the “Antonio Ávila Maldonado” Educational Unit in the city of Cuenca during the 2023-2024 school period, significant concerns are evident regarding voice disorders which affect teachers, directly impacting their performance and well-being. Exposure to risk factors such as vocal abuse and noisy environments has been identified as a significant contribution to vocal problems, manifested in voice changes such as dysphonia, voice instability, and vocal fatigue. With the objective to address this problem, a descriptive and quantitative research was designed, involving a probabilistic sample of 55 case studies. A data registration form with objective (PRAAT, values of Jitter,Shimmer,HNR, NHR and Median Pitch) and subjective (CAPE-V, HIV and GRBASI) voice tests was applied. The collected information was analyzed with the use of frequency distribution and percentages, and the “IBM SPSS Statistics” tool for accurate data processing. The results of this study helped identify specific vocal characteristics in teachers through the use of voice speech pathology batteries. These findings served as a basis for the formulation of personalized optimal strategies for each teacher in the educational institution. Additionally, the groundwork was laid for future research in the field of vocal health, thus contributing to the awareness and needed attention to preserve the voice and overall well-being of educators
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalencia del estado velofaríngeo en pacientes con fisura labiopalatina de la Fundación Smile Train-Fonotelier, Cuenca, 2024 – 2025
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-10) Loayza Ramos, Luisa María; Meneses Benavides, Josmary Mabel; Alcalá Aristimuño, Yralis Juanita
    Background: People with cleft lip and palate usually present functional alterations in the soft palate, influenced by factors such as surgical and therapeutic history. A descriptive cross-sectional investigation was carried out with a sample of 100 patients. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of velopharyngeal status in patients of the Smile Train- Fonotelier Foundation, in Cuenca, 2024-2025, using the protocol of evaluation of velopharyngeal insufficiency, to categorize the population according to sex, age, and type of cleft, to identify velopharyngeal insufficiency according to variables. Results: The highest proportion corresponded to males (54%), mean age 6 and 11 years (44%), and the most frequent fissures were bilateral transforamen (41%) and left unilateral transforamen (28%). Eighty percent of the patients presented IVF or an insufficient velopharyngeal borderline mechanism (VPLI). Speech therapy had a significant influence: 20% of patients who received more than three years of therapy achieved a sufficient velopharyngeal mechanism (SVM) or sufficient borderline velopharyngeal mechanism (SLVM), while 54% of those who received less than 11 months of therapy had IVF or SLVM. Furthermore, no patient surgically intervened after 3 years of age achieved an MVS or MVLS, which is evidence that early surgery reduces the risk of IVF, although it is not a determining factor by itself. Conclusions: This study highlights the need for a comprehensive approach combining timely surgeries and prolonged speech therapy to optimize functional outcomes in patients with cleft lip and palate.