Validación de la ultrasonografía abdominal en el diagnóstico de colecistitis aguda en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, año 2019

Abstract

Background: cholelithiasis is a highly prevalent disease worldwide, one of its main complications is acute cholecystitis, which often requires surgical resolution. Abdominal ultrasound and the clinical picture allow an opportune diagnosis and treatment to be established. Ultrasonography is the modality of choice due to its availability, cost and non-invasive characteristics. Objectives: to determine the validity of abdominal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis in patients treated at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, year 2019. Methods: diagnostic test validation study. 475 clinical records of patients who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The trans-abdominal ultrasound was contrasted with the anatomo-pathological study. Descriptive statistics and values of specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value were applied. Results: 49,89% of patients were categorized in age groups from 20 to 39 years and 71,15% were women. 50,12% were diagnosed with acute cholecystitis by abdominal ultrasound and 71,37% with chronic cholecystitis according to histopathological examination. According to the Tokyo classification, 68,48% were considered mild cases. In ultrasound findings, 99,15% and 87,39% showed intravesicular stones and gallbladder wall thickening. The ultrasound presented a sensitivity of 81,95%, a specificity of 62,57%, a positive predictive value of 45,99% and a negative predictive value of 89,92%. Conclusions: ultrasound turned out to be a test that showed great utility to adequately classify patients with acute cholecystitis, however, it presented a reduced ability to differentiate healthy participants.