Prevalencia y factores asociados a injuria renal aguda en adultos mayores hospitalizados en emergencia del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca marzo 2018 – marzo 2020

Abstract

Introduction: acute kidney injury (AKI) is a very frequent disorder, acts as a morbidity and mortality factor in hospitalized older adults. It is a public health problem associated with several factors, some modifiable. Objective: determine the prevalence and factors associated with AKI in elderly patients hospitalized in the emergency service of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital (HVCM), Cuenca March 2018 - March 2020. Methodology: analytical cross-sectional study carried out in Cuenca in the HVCM emergency service from March 2018 to March 2020. The sampling was probabilistic, evaluating 200 older adults. The KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) criteria were used to determine and classify AKI. The data were analyzed with the SPSS v.20.0 program, using the prevalence ratio (PR) to measure association, with a 95% CI and with statistical significance p <0.05. Results: the mean age was 80 ± 8.37 years, the female gender predominated and the majority had a primary education level. The prevalence of AKI was 33%. Four out of ten older adults had AKI stage 3 and more than half had high blood pressure and use nephrotoxic. The associated factors were: sepsis (PR 2.27; 95%CI 1.58-3.27; p=0.0002), dehydration (PR 1.73; 95%CI 1.18-2.54; p=0.006) and diabetes mellitus (PR 1.58; 95%CI 1.07– 2.34 p=0.0181). Conclusions: more than a third of hospitalized older adults presented AKI; KDIGO stage 3 predominated and was associated with: sepsis, dehydration and diabetes mellitus