Efecto del extracto de Ruta graveolens, a tres dosis, mediante tres diferentes métodos de obtención, para la prevención de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum en dos variedades de Phaseolus vulgaris L

Abstract

Beans are considered as one of the most important Fabaceae in the diet for Ecuadorians, however, diseases are a limiting factors for its production, among which anthracnose, a disease caused by the fungus C. lindemuthianum is one of de most important. Due to the presence of this fungus in crops, growers mostly use synthetic fungicides to control the disease, sometimes causing resistance in the pathogen and leaving residues with environmental affectations, when to their mismanaged. In order to reduce the use of agrochemicals, natural or biological prevention alternatives are sought; therefore we deneed necessary to evaluate the effect of Ruta graveolens extracts produced using three methods (maceration, infusion and decoction) at three doses (25; 50 and 75%), and to compare their effect against a chemical control (Copper oxychloride 50 PM) and an absolute control for the prevention of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in two varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris L. The response to infection by the fungus was analyzed, after inoculation with the extract as a preventive method. For the trial, a DBCA, 20 treatments, 4 blocks and repetitions were used, with a total of 80 experimental units (UE). The ethanolic extract or macerated at 50%, showed a preventive effect in the presence of C. lindemuthianum. Data were analyzed using ADEVAS and Tukey significance tests. Ruta graveolens maceration is a potential alternative for the prevention of C. lindemuthianum in beans.