Evaluación de consorcios microbianos diseñados sobre el desarrollo del cultivo de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) bajo invernadero

Abstract

The proper functioning of agricultural systems depends largely on the microbial activity of the soil, since microorganisms are the protagonists of various beneficial actions for the plants with which they are associated. The objective of this study was to evaluate microbial consortiums designed on the development of tomato cultivation (Solanum lycopersicum) under greenhouse. The test was carried out in the greenhouse of Plant Physiology of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the University of Cuenca. An experimental design of Random Blocks was implemented with 12 treatments and five repetitions, with a factorial arrangement (3 x 2 x 2). The following factors were evaluated: factor A, three substrates (Mineral soil, Mineral soil plus Biocarbon and mineral soil plus organic matter); factor B, inoculation of microbial consortia (with and without inoculation) and factor C consisting of plastic mulch coverage (with and without coverage). The response variables were plant height, stem diameter, leaf emission rate, stomatic density, stomatic conductance, relative water content, chlorophyll content,nitrate content in the sage, pH, C.E and D.A. Finally, the structure and composition of functional consortia of microorganisms was characterized by a DGGE analysis of bacteria and soil fungi. With the data an ANOVA was performed, the results obtained did not show significant differences at the level of the microbial communities before and after their application. Also, when analyzing the physicochemical properties of the sampled soil, there were no significant changes, that is, similar results were recorded.