Prevalencia de policitemia neonatal y factores asociados en el servicio de maternidad del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso mayo 2018 a mayo 2019.

Abstract

Antecedent. Polycythemia affects 1 to 5% of newborns, it is associated with complications due to organic and systemic involvement in the newborn, the same that may be preventable. Objective. To determine the prevalence of neonatal polycythemia and its associated factors in newborns in the maternity service of the “Vicente Corral Moscoso” Hospital during the period May 2018 to May 2019. Methods An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out, the universe was made up of all newborns in the maternity service of the "Vicente Corral Moscoso" Hospital. The sample was randomized of 470 infants and their mothers. To identify association, chi-square test was used to identify associations and to measure its intensity, OR (95% CI) and P value <0.05 were used. Results A prevalence of 12.8% was obtained. The maternal residence of 93% was over 2000 meters above sea level. Associated factors were: low birth weight (OR 3.8; 95% CI: 1.9 - 7.5) P <0.001), maternal pathology including diabetes (OR 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3 - 5.2) P = 0.013), pregnancy toxemia (OR 2.3; 95% CI: 0.7 - 7.6) P = 0.134 and negative association with prematurity (OR 0.3; 95% CI: 0.07 - 1.2) P = 0.099. Conclusions: the prevalence of neonatal polycythemia is significantly associated with low birth weight, pathology and maternal age; while it is negatively associated with prematurity.