Niveles de burnout y engagement en estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Psicología

Abstract

Academic burnout is a negative and persistent emotional response linked to the educational demands faced by students, it is a three-dimensional syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, cynicism and academic efficiency; engagement, on the other side, is a positive mental state accompanied by vigor, dedication and absorption. The objective of this research was to describe the levels of predominant burnout and engagement dimensions, according to sociodemographic and academic characteristics in university students of the Faculty of Psychology. The study was carried out using a quantitative, non-experimental design of a descriptive type. A sociodemographic and academic record was applied to explore the characteristics of the participants, as well as the Maslach Burnout Inventory Student Survey (MBI-SS), to measure academic burnout levels, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-S 17), in order to obtain the engagement levels of the selected sample. The instruments were applied to 260 students that included men and women from different semesters of the Faculty of Psychology. This research reflected that the majority of participants showed high levels of emotional exhaustion, in cynicism they showed medium-high levels; finally, in academic efficiency, they were located at a medium-low level. In relation to the dimensions of engagement, the sample was conglomerated at an average level for each dimension. Emotional exhaustion and absorption were the predominant dimensions of burnout and engagement respectively. According to gender, both men and women had high levels in emotional exhaustion, men are more cynical and both genders showed at a medium-low level in academic efficiency. Regarding engagement, women scored mainly at the high level in the dedication dimension.