Estudio del rendimiento energético de un vehículo eléctrico en la ciudad de Cuenca

Abstract

The Electric Vehicle (EV) is widely considered as a promising solution to reduce air pollution in cities. The deployment of EV is complicated by technical and cultural aspects such as its limited autonomy because the batteries still need to overcome fundamental commitments in terms of energy density, useful life and costs. The acceptance of the user to acquire an EV will increase significantly, if the owner of the vehicle relies on a technical study that guarantees the performance of the EV in a real environment, in addition to having a cargo infrastructure adjusted to their needs. This study analyzes the behavior of the energy efficiency of an EV before factors such as terrain, traffic conditions, number of passengers, mode of operation, field routes with urban, suburban and rural characteristics. The purpose of this research is to test an EV in real environments. The methodology used is to capture the data of the variables through the communication system under the standard onboard diagnostic system (OBD)2 that incorporates the vehicle, this system is connected to a code reader and this in turn to a smartphone through Bluetooth communication. The data is captured at a rate of 10 samples per second. During the tours in all the environments, it was found that the energy obtained by regeneration is close to 33 % of the total energy discharged. Regarding energy efficiency between the battery and the electric motor, it exceeds 86 %.