Ingeniería de sistemas hidrosanitarios descentralizados y sostenibles, Caso de estudio Puerto Roma –provincia del Guayas

Abstract

The CIU competition, organized by the UN in Habitat III conference, consisted to design a sustainable solution for the population of Puerto Roma, a rural settlement located in the Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Therefore, this thesis focuses to create a full proposal to implement a decentralized drinking water and wastewater infrastructure.

Each population has its own weakness and strengths; therefore, it is essential to study which technologies are best suitable to their real needs. In this regard, interviews were conducted with the habitants of Puerto Roma, looking for stablish design alternatives.

The proposed solutions are: a community source point which supplies water previously transported from Guayaquil by a cistern water ship is proposed for exclusive drinking water consumption. The use of water from the Guayas river is also proposed and it will be distributed to each user by a network. This water will be used exclusively in cleaning activities. For the wastewater, four septic tanks will be located inside the network to settle the suspended. A wastewater treatment station is also proposed for the pre-settled effluents. A UASB reactor and an artificial wetland is proposed to reach the Ecuadorian standards for final effluent disposal. The sanitation plan also incorporates a user manual for solid waste management.

The proposal includes detailed engineering calculations, blueprints, constructive quantities and technical criteria. Finally, it also includes a technical and socio-economic discussion in order to allow this methodology to be applied in similar settlements in Ecuador and Latin America.