Prevalencia y factores asociados a la no adherencia terapéutica en el adulto mayor de la parroquia Mariano Moreno, Gualaceo- Azuay 2015

Abstract

Introduction: The aging of the population grows at a rapid pace, adding to it chronic diseases that cannot be transmitted due to poor therapeutic adherence, inadequate lifestyles and family support deficits, resulting in high health expenses and family dysfunction. Objective: To determine the associated factors that influences the not-adherence of the elderly in the Mariano Moreno Parish Gualaceo-Azuay, 2015. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out on 253 elderly adults from the rural parish of Mariano Moreno del Canton Gualaceo. The instrument of data collection was applied to know the sociodemographic characteristics. The form structured by Bonilla and Reals to identify the degree of nonadherence, CAGE to detect risk of alcoholism, FFSIL for family functionality and the Charlson questionnaire for comorbidities. Variables were expressed in absolute frequencies and chi square to determine associations. Results: The prevalence of nonadherence in older adults was 70.4%. Significant associations were found between nonadherence and age greater than 75 years, PR: 1.27 (CI 1.0 -1.4); Married civil status RP: 1.40 (CI 1.2-1.6); Illiteracy RP: 1.34 (CI 1.1 -1.5); Non-nuclear family RP: 1.34 (CI 1.1 -1.5) and familial dysfunction RP: 1.37 (CI 1.1-1.6). However, the non-emigration of the close relative is a protective factor for RP adherence of 0.72 (CI 0.6-0.8). There were no associations with comorbidities and alcoholism. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of not-adherence in the treatment of older adults associated with illiteracy, age 75 and older, familial dysfunction and the emigration of a close relative. Adherence is a complex process that requires a multidisciplinary approach in the age groups