Optimización de proyectos de mantenimiento de redes de distribución eléctrica basado en el riesgo de la ocurrencia de fallas de sus equipos

Abstract

Management models used in the distribution companies of electricity have little or no room to analyze and evaluate the real needs and priorities of its assets and somehow know if the resources invested in the maintenance program give maximum benefit to the system electric. The methods or rules of thumb generally used by utilities result in the allocation of fixed budgets, which are established for a certain period of time, which has led to inefficient use of available resources, which in turn reflected in lower levels of reliability for the customer. The question is where and when to invest for maximum benefit and how to quantify the benefits of maintenance. This paper aims, on the basis of existing literature, developing a methodology for optimizing maintenance programs considering the risk of occurrence of equipment failure in the distribution system of electricity through the state assessment the equipment before and after the maintenance work and maximize risk reduction achieved these tasks. The priority tasks are subject to the restrictions of available resources using appropriate optimization techniques; thus it seeks to satisfy the reliability requirements at minimal cost as is the current requirement in modern business. The electricity distribution system consists of a lot of items and equipment that can be analyzed in the proposed methodology, but according to the scope of it will be analyzed only three important elements in this area which are wooden posts, reclosers and clearing of vegetation. Because the indices used to calculate the reduction of risks are associated with the effects of permanent faults, transient failures are excluded from this analysis. This paper aims to present a strategy that implies progress in the current state of the art distribution system maintenance, which assigns maintenance resources to the different teams according to their probability and consequences of failure. This research aims to find tools to support decision making, so that the asset manager or maintenance manager can take action based on optimal solutions of maintenance programs that allow a distribution of the resources in a coordinated way.