Obtención de pasta y acople de vidrio que no libere plomo para elaborar tejas artesanales usando horno de tiro invertido

Abstract

The craftsmen who make tiles in areas of Racar and San Sebastián perform burning in primitive kilns that reach temperatures of 850°C, these are used for glazed with lead oxide crude that melts at low temperatures, the EELA project has designed and built a downdraft Kiln that reaches 1000°C, in this context a paste was dosed and coupled a glass that does not release lead that meets the conditions of that kiln. Extreme Vertices method was used in mixtures design to make pasta using 4 clays common areas, 4 experiments were selected level plates showed good molding and met %absorption H2O less than 18% as indicated in INEN 0990. Glasses for coupling was two fried commercials EFA80 and A58200, these had crackle;modifications were made pasta, particle size, composition increasing quartz, first burning at 1000°C and glaze 900°C. Achieving a large extent, reduce thecrackle with A5 8200 frit and experiment 3+++. The probes in the downdraft kiln were performed with experiment 8, the kiln doesn’t reach the temperatures indicated on the basis of information from the EELA project, In the probes with electric kiln there was an increase in the load at break of 37,10% in burned tiles, EFA 80 38%, 25% A5 8200, compared with the initial semi mechanized tiles, moreover final tests showed no release lead.