Estado de las funciones psíquicas superiores en niños preescolares de 4 a 5 años del Centro Educativo Fiscal A.B.C y el Centro Educativo Particular Nueva Esperanza. Cuenca, septiembre 2014-febrero 2015

Abstract

Introduction: In assessing higher mental functions in preschool children, one can identify children’s pre-academic skills and poor school performance as well as intervene at an early stage. Objective: In this research, we used the Initial Luria Battery with the purpose of determine the status of higher mental functions in preschool children from the ages 4-5 years at the educative centers "A.B.C" and " Buena Esperanza ". Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study in children aged from 4-5 years was assessed in the regular attending students for the educative centers mentioned above. We gathered and analyzed data based on a descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage as well as a contingency table that allowed us to examine both these categories. Results: The population was composed of 323 children, composed of 177 men (54.8%) and 146 women (45.2%). Individualized child neuropsychological assessments of all preschoolers allowed us to obtain a neuropsychological profile which aided us in identifying cases of neuropsychological signs of immaturity. On this basis, the results show that neuropsychological signs of immaturity were evident in the areas evaluated as “manual motor” and picture vocabulary with 0.6% in gestures and praxis, 0.3% in phonemic hearing and picture naming and 26.3% in color naming.