Caracterización tecnológica de pequeños y medianos productores hortícolas en las parroquias San Joaquín, Baños y Sayausí del cantón Cuenca provincia del Azuay

Abstract

This research characterized the use of agricultural technology in the productive, commercial and socio-economic aspects of horticulturists in the peri-urban areas of San Joaquin, Baños and Sayausí. For this purpose, a zoning of the area and an analysis of land use change between the years 2010-2017 were performed. The current situation of 198 horticulturists was identified: medium (1000-3000 m2) and small (500-1000 m2), through a survey. Finally, the technological deficiency was identified with the Venn diagram, the map of key actors and the categorization of five levels of deficiency. Statistically, the changes in land use were not significant, however, changes in the area are shown in m2, TA (+637.48 m2), ZA (4 850.74 m2) and B (-5 793.81 m2), mainly the forest category (B), a decrease in its area was observed. In the survey carried out, it was found that most of the production is marketed in local markets, horticulture in this area follows an ancestral production model, gradually involving additional technologies. According to the results obtained in a financial analysis, this production is still profitable (NPV> 1, IRR 61%). Within the analysis of the key actors and the VENN diagram, it was observed that, the parish GADs are intermediaries between actor-producer, in addition, the technological deficiency is at level 3 (medium). That is, part of the technologies applied help economic stability. Although, there are several inappropriate practices due to lack of knowledge and advice.