Lactancia materna y factores asociados, un análisis con enfoque de familia. Parroquia Totoracocha 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Breast milk is an essential nutrient for the child because of its benefits. Its abandonment generates concern about negative effects on maternal and child health. OBJETIVE: To determine the prevalence of breastfeeding and associated factors in women of Totoracocha Parish, Cuenca 2020. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional analytical study including 310 mothers of children from 0 to 24 months of age, in which prevalence of breastfeeding (BF), its types, sociodemographic factors, knowledge about BF, use of substitutes, functionality, and family structure were determined. The SPSS.25 program was used; qualitative variables were expressed in frequencies and percentages and for the association, the relative risk was obtained. RESULTS: Prevalence of BF was 82.25%, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) 62.58%, partial 6.13% and artificial 31.29%. The abandonment of EBF was associated with higher education RR1.36, 95%CI:1.02-1.81, p=0.035 and non-ideal initiation of BF RR1.34, 95%CI:1.00-1.78, p=0.044. Meanwhile, work RR1.70, 95%CI: 1.02-2.84, p=0.035, low level of knowledge RR1.67, 95%CI:1.04-2.69, p=0.033, and breastfeeding RR6.23, 95%CI:2.00- 19.41, p=0.0001 to the abandonment of continuous breastfeeding. The use of breast milk substitutes was 73.5%, by choice, hypogalactia and by recommendation of a health professional. The results cannot be extrapolated, as they were performed in the health unit. CONCLUSIONS: The most women offer BF to their infants, more than half of them breastfeeding, one third artificial breastfeeding, and partial breastfeeding is not very frequent. The prevalence of BF is determined by sociodemographic factors and the use of breast milk substitutes.