Determinación de toxicidad del aluminio presente en el sistema de alcantarillado de aguas residuales de la planta de tratamiento de Ucubamba de la ciudad de Cuenca

Abstract

The Wastewater Treatment Plant PTAR UCUBAMBA is form by oxygenating lagoons performing the treatment operation and as a consequence, avoiding the proliferation of diseases, giving back to the environment pollution free waters. In order to fulfill the requirements of the Ecuadorian Norm of dumping a constant monitoring of possible contaminants is carried out, among these contaminants a large amount of aluminum has been detected, which exceed the permissible limits, mainly because there are industries that use this element as part of its procedures and discharge into the sewer system.

This research was conducted to assess the level of toxicity in the sewer system of the treatment plant before mentioned, by Inductively Coupled Plasma Method (ICP) , and Daphnia magna,Poecillia reticulata , Lactuca sativaPhaseolus vulgaris and Zea mays. bioassays ecotoxicological The results showed that at the arrival of the PTAR UCUBAMBA high concentrations of Al present and the levels of toxicological impact is classified as very toxic to Daphnia magna and slightly toxic to Lactuca sativa, while for others biomodels the lethality is below 50 % therefore there is no toxicity classification, however there are significant differences in regard to the control of the 50% in the growth parameters of Lactuca sativa, Phaseolus vulgaris and Zea mays seeds. With this information, ETAPA has accurate data to help evaluate the process and consider performing these studies in effluent from factories using Al, to improve treatment and prevent damage that ultimately cannot be repaired, hence the great importance of this study.