Prevalencia de las dislipidemias y factores asociados en adolescentes colegiales, Santa Isabel, 2014

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. The dyslipidemia, a sedentary lifestyle and overweight-obesity are major risk factors that start in adolescence. Methodology: a cross-sectional study was conducted in adolescents who attend public schools of the urban area of the Canton of Santa Isabel in the province of Azuay. We applied a validated questionnaire to study the eating habits and physical activity. For values of cholesterol and triglycerides were taken the recommendations of the National Education Program for the cholesterol (NCEP) expert group on values of cholesterol in children. Results: We studied a total of 196 adolescents, with a greater frequency of ages between 14-16 years 47.7 %, 59.7 % were women and 51% were living in urban areas. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia is of the 6.1 % (95% CI: 2.75 -9.45) and hypertriglyceridemia is 29.1 % (95% CI: 22.74 -35.46) 7.7 % of adolescents had obesity, 24.5 % were overweight, 4.6 % mild malnutrition and the 1.0 % moderate malnutrition. 25.5 % of adolescents had a bad physical activity, 60.2 % regular and 14.3 % good. According to the nutritional level 37.2 % has a low nutritional level. There is an association between the nutritional level and hypertriglyceridemia OR 0.44 (95% CI: 0.22 -0.88), p value =0,019, the other factors were not s. Conclusions: The prevalence of dyslipidemias is high, like that of overweight-obesity and sedentary lifestyle among adolescent students in Santa Isabel.