Estado del arte sobre la ocurrencia y riesgos de los colorantes en efluentes de fábricas textiles y su remoción a través de fotocatálisis heterogénea

Abstract

The demand for textile products has grown progressively in current consumer society, textile garments are bought, used and discarded at a disturbing speed. Among the different chemical products used in the multiple production processes in the textile industry, the massive use of colorants stands out. The increase in textile production has generated a high demand for water with the subsequent production of colored wastewater. This kind of water is the focus of concern due to the issues generated by them; Furthermore, to counteract this problem, water quality management processes have been proposed that include the regulation and reduction of highly toxic and dangerous pollutants, such as textile dyes. The aim of this study is the review of the state of the art of the occurrence and risks of dyes in effluents from textile factories and the analysis of the proposals for their removal through heterogeneous photocatalysis. Therefore, a bibliographic review has been carried out addressing: 1) the current national and international legislation on colorants in wastewater; 2) The occurrence of dyes in wastewater and water bodies; 3) the toxicity of dyes in living beings and 4) analysis of photocatalytic methods for the removal of emerging pollutants.