Evaluación de cuatro métodos de aplicación de Spinosad para control de mosca de la fruta en Malus domestica (manzana) cv. Anna

Abstract

Fruit production faces considerable challenges, notably those stemming from fruit flies, which cause direct and indirect damage to agricultural output. This damage encompasses economic losses, diminished commercial value of affected produce, increased reliance on pesticides, and restrictions on both domestic and international trade. Furthermore, their broad host range and the various control methods employed are critical considerations. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate different Spinosad application methods for fruit fly control in Malus domestica (Anna apple cultivar). For the experiment, forty plants were established, comprising five treatments, four replications, and twenty experimental units, with each unit consisting of two plants. Regarding the results, among the established treatments, Treatment 5 where the plant received a complete spray coverage of the product was found to be optimal (statistically significant) in achieving the greatest reduction in the 'larvae per fruit' variable. However, this treatment also incurred higher costs, suggesting that its potential implementation requires careful analysis. For other analyzed variables, such as healthy fruits or larvae/kg of fruit, the statistical analysis indicated no significant differences. These variables should be investigated further under new parameters in future studies. Moreover, the presence of A. fraterculus and C. capitata was confirmed through identification.