Optimización de los procesos de coagulación – floculación en la planta de potabilización perteneciente al cantón Cañar

Abstract

Due to the great color variation and low turbidity that raw water presents when entering to the Canton Cañar Treatment Plant in rainy seasons, it has occasioned a type of water that encompass features that make it very difficult to coagulate, whereby a study has been developed oriented at meeting with certain objectives that help to improve these characteristics, through the execution of tests in the equipment of Jars, contributing with the improvement of the processes of water clarification constituted by: coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation; as well as the subsequent processes and in this way provide an excellent service of quality, working for continuous improvement and giving citizens the security of a water that meets the requirements indicated by the Ecuadorian technical standard. Throughout the work a curve of dosage of Aluminum Sulfate type B was obtained in function of the color, turbidity and pH of the raw water, in addition the flocculation helper was determined and with this the determination of the optimum dose of the same, to achieve the maximum removal of particles that generate undesirable aspects in water. To meet with the objectives set, the water samples were taken in established periods and from them they were executed in different testing of Jars Test. The results of each test were compiled, ordered and analyzed in order to facilitate their evaluation, through the use of tables and graphics that contributed to a better understanding of water behavior.