Prevalencia de aterosclerosis carotídea mediante ecografía doppler y factores asociados. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga Cuenca 2013

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis by Doppler ultrasound and its relationship to associated factors in patients of the Imaging Department of Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Materials and Methods: The study included 217 patients from the outpatient clinic whom were referred to the Imaging Service for Doppler ultrasound of their carotids. The test was performed on all participants. We obtained numbers of frequency and percentage and the findings were correlated with certain associated factors, using the chi -square and the "odds ratio". Results: The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis was 58%. The media thickness of the intima-media was 1.14 mm for the right common carotid and 1.16 mm for the left. The study population had a media age of 71.2 ± 12.3 years, 55% of the patients were men. 51% were overweight. The most frequent disease was hypertension with dyslipidemia (40%). The carotid vessels showed especially PSV, RI, waves and normal flows. 54% of the plaques were located in the carotid bulbs; the echogenicity of the most common plate was type IV (40%) with smooth surface (79%) and a degree of stenosis less than 50% (86%). There was a statistically significant association between intima-media thickness and age (OR = 2.47, IC 95%: 1.39 – 4.37, p = 0.002), between the presence of plaques with age (OR = 1.89, IC 95%: 1.09 – 3.28, p = 0.023) and the presence of one or more diseases in the study (OR = 4.85, IC 95%: 1.03 – 22.7, p = 0.028). Conclusions: The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis was high and the only risk factor statistically significant was age.

Descriptors: CAROTID ARTERY DISEASES, DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY/ METHODS, INTIMA-MEDIA CAROTID THICKNESS/ NUMERICAL AND STATISTICAL DATA, RISK FACTORS, HOSPITAL OF ECUADORIAN SOCIAL SECURITY INSTITUTE JOSE CARRASCO ARTEAGA