Generación de cartografía geopedológica a escala 1:2500 para la granja El Romeral, Guachapala - Azuay

Abstract

In Ecuador, the geopedological cartography allows characterizing in detail the geographical distribution of the soil that is not known. Besides, this cartography at the moment only exists at a scale of 1: 25000 which is impractical at the moment of use for planning in small areas as is the case of the study area contemplated for this study. For this reason, the aim of this project is to elaborate a geopedological map for “Granja El Romeral” at a scale of 1:2500. The project was based on the use of geographic information systems to automate certain processes such as the semi-automatic tracing of geoforms, interpolation, and preparation of the final map. To achieve the main objective, information was collected in order to generate the geomorphological mapping, then soil surveys were carried out by mean of soil drilling analyzing 13 variables; 3 of them were measured in the field (soil profiles descriptions, effective depth, stoniness and penetrations resistance) and 10 were analyzed at laboratory level (pH, texture, MO, CE, N, P, K, Mg and Ca). The final geopedological map resulted from the merge of 14 layers, that is, 13 variables and the layer of geoforms. This union was generated by ArcGIS software, integrating the database generated in the field, in addition to the interpolation of the 13 variables evaluated and the geomorphological information, which was previously verified using the T Student statistical test, presenting good concordance with a value of p (0.797).