Determinación de áreas potenciales para reforestación con fines comerciales y restauración en base a variables edafoclimáticas. Estudio de caso en la microcuenca del río Yanuncay

Abstract

Commercial reforestation and restoration are important because they generate economic and environmental profitability and positive impacts. GIS have been used to identify potential areas for reforestation, taking into account climatic and topographic variables and soil fertility. In order to provide information on this topic, this research was developed with the general objective of determining potential areas for reforestation in the Yanuncay River microwatershed. Methodologically, information was downloaded from the IGM and the UDA repository to design maps of protected areas, slopes, vegetation, water protection zones and pedology. These digital layers were merged to obtain a single digital layer and table of attributes that allowed to determine potential areas for reforestation considering also the soil typologies, where their fertility was evaluated with a previous analysis of the physical and chemical properties. As a result, it was determined that the potential areas for reforestation were suitable for commercial purposes in andisol soils, as opposed to the areas suitable for restoration that occupied smaller surfaces. In addition, two groups of native species suitable for the two types of reforestation associated with the different soil typologies were obtained. It is concluded that dual-purpose forest species are important in specific sites where both types of reforestation are desired. This importance is based on the thorough investigation through the discrimination of space variables and the fertility of the soils in their different typologies.