Evaluación del potencial antifúngico del quitosano para controlar Colletotrichum spp en Solanum betaceum

Abstract

The production of tree tomato is an activity of great economic importance for small and medium producers nationwide; however, disease attack represents a limiting factor for optimal crop development, such is the case of anthracnose caused by the fungus of the genus Colletotrichum sp. that generates losses of up to 100%. Because of this problem, farmers use synthetic fungicides to reduce the effects of the disease, forming resistance in the pathogen through indiscriminate use, also causing negative effects for the environment. In order to search for new biological alternatives for the prevention of anthracnose and reduce the use of agrochemicals, the project aims to evaluate the efficiency of the chitosan produced from the exoskeleton of shrimp to control Colletotrichum sp. with a dose of 4.0 mg/mL (T1), compared with a synthetic fungicide based on chlorothalonil with 1.0 ml/L (T2), an ethanolic extract of Ruta graveolens at a dose of 30 ml / L (T3) and an absolute control (T4), in vitro and in postharvest Solanum betaceum fruits as preventive agents, to be analyzed after inoculation with the pathogen. The project had 4 treatments and 5 repetitions, each experimental unit consisted of 4 Petri dishes at the laboratory level and 10 tree tomato fruits in postharvest under environmental conditions. Data were analyzed using ADEVAS and Tukey significance tests for parametric data and Kruskal Wallis for non-parametrics, for mycelial growth and FI number. The preventive effect of chitosan was evidenced on the development of Colletotrichum sp. being a great alternative to control the pathogen.