Factores de riesgo para displasia de la cadera en desarrollo en niños de 0 a 12 meses del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso enero-junio del 2013, estudio de casos y controles

Abstract

Objective: To determine on what extent risk factors, such as: family background in first degree of consanguinity, breech presentation, sex and primiparity had incidence in developmental dysplasia of the hip among children from 0 to 12 months old at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital from January to June 2013. Methodology: It was a case -control study, carried out on outpatients at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in Cuenca, Ecuador. Cases with developmental dysplasia of the Hip –DDH- and control children without dysplasia correlated on age and sex. The sample was 320 children with a relationship case/control of 1:2. Associated factors such as family background of dysplasia, breech presentation, female sex and mother´s primiparity were considered. Results: Among 320 children studied the mean age was of 7.10 months with a standard deviation of 2.7 months; the sex more prevalent was female with 72.8%; 11.3% had family background ; the 37.5% of mothers were primiparous; breech presentation was present in 3,4% . The risk factors showed the following values of Odds ratio: family background with dysplasia: OR= 4,84 (IC 95% 2,13-10.13) p= 0,000; female sex OR= 1,01 (IC 95% 0,58-1,69) p= 0,98; primiparous pregnancy type: OR= 1,59 (IC95% 0,99-2,59) p=0,059 and breech presentation OR= 3,64 (IC 95% 1,04-12,72) p= 0,03. Conclusions: In the population studied Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip is positively associated with factors such as family background and breech presentation. Key words: Hip Dysplasia, risk factors, breech delivery. DDH, Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.