Impacto post quirúrgico de la cirugía bariátrica y comorbilidades asociadas. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga: Cuenca-Ecuador, 2014-2018

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a chronic disease with multifactorial etiology, the high incidence and complications associated to this, determine his severity; that is justification to study obesity´s treatment, especially bariatric surgery and her impact not only on weight and body mass index (BMI), but also on associated comorbidities. Objective: To determine the post-surgical impact of bariatric surgery at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital during the years 2014-2018, in obese patients subjected to this intervention and their associated comorbidities: mean blood pressure, blood glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride blood levels. Materials and methods: Retrospective descriptive study. 90 medical records that adjust to the inclusion criteria, were reviewed. The data was collected using a form and was tabulated in Microsoft Excel and SPSS 20. The qualitative variables are presented in absolute frequencies and percentages, and the quantitative variables were analyzed with arithmetic means and standard deviation. Results: 90 patients enrolled in the bariatric surgery program were studied, 75.56% women, mean age 42.88 ± 10.40 with mean BMI 43.66 ± 5.13. 77 were operated and 66 were followed up. 6 and 12 months after surgery, BMI decreased to 32.26 ± 3.90 - 29.73 ± 3.93, and the excess weight loss was 62,40±18,01% and 76,33±21,39% respectively. Additionally there was a reduction in: mean arterial pressure (MAP) 7.11 - 10.73mmHg, glycemia 28.21 ± 17.29 - 47 ± 25.73mg / dL, Triglycerides 40.53 - 70.11mg / dL and Cholesterol of 32.17 - 47.35mg / dL respectively. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery will allow the decrease in BMI and in levels of MAP, glycemia, cholesterol and triglycerides.